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La civilización del tejido y la civilización sin rueda
(Universidad de Lima, 1971) Héctor Velarde
Definir la civilización europea como la civilización del trigo, la asiática como la civilización del arroz y la americana como la civilización del maíz, como lo ha establecido un alemán célebre, es definir las civilizaciones por lo que han comido. No siempre una misma comida determina un tipo de digestión. Nosotros vamos a definir las civilizaciones por lo que han hecho con mayor originalidad e insistencia. Nos parece, más directo, instructivo y recreativo.
Observaciones sobre la solicitud que ha presentado al Congreso Nacional, la Sra. Da. Ignacia Novoa, reclamando las haciendas que posee en el valle de Cañete el señor Gran Mariscal del Perú don Bernardo O'Higgins.
(Imprenta de J. Masias, 1832) Anónimo
Este documento presenta una solicitud hecha por Doña Ignacia Novoa al Congreso Nacional, por un reclamo de tierra en Cañete a Bernardo O´Higgins.
Género y adaptación climática: estudio de familias caficultoras del cantón Olmedo, sur del Ecuador
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-04-23) Iñiguez-Gallardo, Veronica; Jara-Ortíz, Nixon; Briceño-Salas, Johanna
The analysis of gender dynamics in the context of climate change reveals underlying power structures that shape the implementation of adaptation strategies. Social dynamics intersecting with climate impacts often create vulnerabilities and elicit varied responses between genders. This study presents small-scale research on gender roles in climate adaptation within coffee farming in the Olmedo canton, Loja province, Ecuador. Using qualitative interviews and participant observation, data were collected from coffee-producing families. Findings indicate that coffee production involves gender-differentiated family efforts influenced by power relations and traditional gender roles, with women and their children assuming pivotal roles in adopting climate adaptation measures. These insights contribute empirical evidence for discussions on gender neutrality in climate adaptation policies in South America and highlight the importance of recognizing and leveraging family and community social capital for effective adaptation strategies in coffee farming.
Proxies ambientales y sesgos metodológicos en la Curva de Kuznets Ambiental. Críticas al uso de la temperatura en el modelo propuesto por Erazo-Camacho et al. (2024)
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-04-23) Espejo Ordonio, Diego
The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is widely used to examine the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation. However, its empirical application critically depends on the selection of appropriate indicators. This article presents a methodological critique of the article «Peru's Environmental Kuznets Curve 2010-2020: A Departmental View» written by Erazo-Camacho et al. (2024), which employs average temperature as a proxy for environmental degradation in an econometric model applied to Peru. It is argued that this choice introduces methodological biases that undermine the validity of its conclusions, particularly the claim that an increase in per capita GDP reduces regional temperatures. This conclusion contradicts established scientific literature (IPCC, 2023), which links fossil fuel-based economic growth and extractive expansion to increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Through a literature review, data analysis, and conceptual discussion, the article proposes that more suitable indicators for the EKC in extractive economies include sectoral CO₂ emissions, deforestation, and water pollution. The study concludes that the use of inadequate proxies not only distorts empirical analysis but also risks leading to flawed environmental policy decisions, misrepresenting the true effects of economic growth on the environment.
La vida como ofrenda sacrificial. Degradación y sufrimiento ambiental en la conurbación Copiapó-Tierra Amarilla, Chile
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2025-04-23) Duarte Hidalgo, Cory; García-Carmona, Alfredo; Mora Castillo, Alejandra
The Copiapó-Tierra Amarilla conurbation is a sacrificial territory in which there is an environmental crisis derived from bad development, in which environmental degradation and suffering are prioritized over the life of people and ecosystems. The main objective of this research was to understand the sacrificial practices deployed by the women of Copiapó and Tierra Amarilla regarding the sacrifice of life in contexts of environmental degradation and suffering. The study is qualitative in nature and resorts to a narrative design, focused on a case study, in which narrative interviews are applied to 28 different women, social leaders of Copiapó and Tierra Amarilla in a fieldwork conducted in its first phase in 2019 and in a second phase in 2024. As a result, it is observed that women deploy sacrificial practices and habituation to environmental degradation and suffering, however, they show resistance and critical positions in front of the sacrifice of life in Atacama. The narratives allow us to identify a sacrificial structure installed since the 19th century and which is currently expressed in the constant offering of the lives of those who inhabit the territory, generating sacrificial practices in women, tending to habituation, but also incipient processes of resistance and defense of life.