Una revisión sistemática sobre el impacto del COVID-19 en áreas protegidas
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2021-10-15
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Instituto de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Territorio y Energías Renovables (INTE-PUCP)
Resumen
Esta investigación contribuye a la comprensión de los impactos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en áreas protegidas (PAs), terrestres y marinas. Por un lado, analizamos sus efectos sobre las dimensiones ecológicas, sociales y administrativas de las PAs. Comprender los impactos de la pandemia sobre las PAs es importante debido a que estos espacios son estratégicos para las políticas internacionales de conservación de la biodiversidad y el desarrollo sostenible. Para abordar esta problemática, realizamos una reseña sistemática de la literatura sobre los impactos de la pandemia en los espacios de conservación. Utilizamos las pautas de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) que es una guía que establece criterios para realizar revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura de un tópico de interés. A partir de ella, revisamos cinco bases de datos y lleva a cabo a una búsqueda complementaria en Google Scholar. Tras identificar, examinar y seleccionar, incluimos 14 artículos, publicados entre febrero 2020 y mayo 2021. Por último, llevamos a cabo un análisis cualitativo de los artículos seleccionados, estudiando los cambios a corto plazo, los efectos positivos y negativos, así como los retos y oportunidades que emergieron. En las discusiones, explicamos que las áreas protegidas adquirieron relevancia social durante la pandemia al mismo tiempo que se incrementó la vulnerabilidad de ciertos actores y medios de financiación de los parques. Además, los espacios tuvieron problemáticas sociales distintivos en países desarrollados y en desarrollo. En suma, la sustentabilidad de las PAs se vio comprometida. Concluimos que la pandemia nos hizo ver todo a través de las lentes de la salud, y las áreas protegidas no fueron la excepción.
Understanding the effects of COVID-19 on protected areas (PAs) is very important because these spaces are crucial for international policies for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to fully understand the impacts of COVID-19 on terrestrial and marine protected areas (PAs). To address this concern, we conducted a systematic review on the literature of the impacts of the pandemic on PAs. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines which helps authors to follow certain specific criteria when they make a systematic review on a topic. Following it, we examined five databases, together with complementary search perform in Google Scholar. Lastly, we made a qualitative assessment of articles retrieved, studying short-term changes, and identifying positive and negative effects, as well as challenges and opportunities that arise. After identifying, screening, and selecting, we included 14 journal articles published between February 2020 and May 2021. In the results we showed how the new virus-related restrictions affected the ecological, social and management dimensions of PAs. We discuss how these conserved areas gained social relevance during the pandemic but, at the same time, the vulnerability of related actors increased. Also, we suggested that some social problems differed between develop and developing countries. Additionally, digital tendencies consolidated in PAs management, research, and engagement. Overall sustainability of these places was compromised. We concluded that COVID-19 made humans to see everything through the lenses of health and PAs were not the exception.
Understanding the effects of COVID-19 on protected areas (PAs) is very important because these spaces are crucial for international policies for biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to fully understand the impacts of COVID-19 on terrestrial and marine protected areas (PAs). To address this concern, we conducted a systematic review on the literature of the impacts of the pandemic on PAs. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines which helps authors to follow certain specific criteria when they make a systematic review on a topic. Following it, we examined five databases, together with complementary search perform in Google Scholar. Lastly, we made a qualitative assessment of articles retrieved, studying short-term changes, and identifying positive and negative effects, as well as challenges and opportunities that arise. After identifying, screening, and selecting, we included 14 journal articles published between February 2020 and May 2021. In the results we showed how the new virus-related restrictions affected the ecological, social and management dimensions of PAs. We discuss how these conserved areas gained social relevance during the pandemic but, at the same time, the vulnerability of related actors increased. Also, we suggested that some social problems differed between develop and developing countries. Additionally, digital tendencies consolidated in PAs management, research, and engagement. Overall sustainability of these places was compromised. We concluded that COVID-19 made humans to see everything through the lenses of health and PAs were not the exception.
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Protected Areas, National Park, Systematic Review, Ecological Effects, Impact on Parks Management, Social Impacts of Conservation Initiatives, COVID-19 (Enfermedad), Parques nacionales, Áreas protegidas, Revisión sistemática, Impacto ecológico, Administración de parques, Impacto social de políticas de conservación
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Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este artículo se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess