Desde Martín Cortés hasta Martín Villar: el mestizaje como estigma en La violencia del tiempo de Miguel Gutiérrez Correa
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2019-12-27
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial
Abstract
Martín Villar Flórez decide no tener hijos para ponerle punto final a su estirpe mestiza porque la considera espuria. Esta decisión sugiere que el personaje ha interiorizado el discurso del grupo hegemónico que, buscando legitimar y proteger sus privilegios de clase, desde la época colonial solía promover la creencia de que la raza blanca era superior a la del subalterno (indios y mestizos). Aunque en el Perú la inequidad socioeconómica y el color de la piel ya no corren parejos como, lamentablemente, era antes, La violencia del tiempo no debe ser leído como un texto anacrónico de denuncia social, sino todo lo contrario: es una novela que, lejos de soslayar la tensión racial intrínseca a la sociedad peruana, confronta de manera frontal el falaz viso romántico que se le dio al mestizaje racial como panacea de resolución armónica de los conflictos socioculturales.
Martín Villar Flórez, a mestizo, decides not to have descendants in order to draw a line under his mixed bloodline, which he considers spurious. Martín’s decision suggests he has internalized the hegemonic discourse that, aiming to legitimize and to protect white people’s privileges, since colonial times used to promote the belief that the white race is superior to the subaltern’s race (i.e. Indians and mestizos). Even though in Peru extreme socioeconomic inequity and the color of the skin no longer go hand-in-hand as they did in the past, La violencia del tiempo should not be read as an anachronistic text of social denunciation, but quite the opposite. Far from ignoring the racial tension intrinsic to the Peruvian society, this novel frontally confronts the fallacious romantic vision that was given to racial mixing as a panacea for the harmonious resolution of socio-cultural conflicts.conflicts.
Martín Villar Flórez, a mestizo, decides not to have descendants in order to draw a line under his mixed bloodline, which he considers spurious. Martín’s decision suggests he has internalized the hegemonic discourse that, aiming to legitimize and to protect white people’s privileges, since colonial times used to promote the belief that the white race is superior to the subaltern’s race (i.e. Indians and mestizos). Even though in Peru extreme socioeconomic inequity and the color of the skin no longer go hand-in-hand as they did in the past, La violencia del tiempo should not be read as an anachronistic text of social denunciation, but quite the opposite. Far from ignoring the racial tension intrinsic to the Peruvian society, this novel frontally confronts the fallacious romantic vision that was given to racial mixing as a panacea for the harmonious resolution of socio-cultural conflicts.conflicts.
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Miguel Gutiérrez, La Violencia del Tiempo, Mestizaje, Racismo, Discriminación, Guerra Interna, Perú
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