Areté
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/182087
ISSN: 1016-913X
e-ISSN: 2223-3741
Areté es la revista de filosofía editada por el Departamento de Humanidades de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), que cuenta con dos números anuales. En ella se publican trabajos de investigación, originales e inéditos, escritos en español y eventualmente en inglés, de autores que participan de modo significativo en la discusión filosófica contemporánea en todos los campos de la reflexión filosófica. Comprende, también, una sección permanente de reseñas y, de manera ocasional, publica documentos sobre importantes debates filosóficos, realizados en nuestro país o en el extranjero, así como entrevistas a filósofos de renombre internacional.
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado Πολέμου καὶ μάχης... (Gorg. 447a1 ss.): Guerra y virilidad en la caracterización de Calicles en el Gorgias de Platón(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-07-17) Moreno González, RafaelThe initial words of Plato’s Gorgias constitute an important clue to understanding the literary and philosophical characterizations of the figure of Callicles inside the Platonic dialogue. The fact that Plato begins with a greeting from Callicles in which war and confrontation are explicitly mentioned shows how important these activities are for this figure. The rest of the dialogue has the function of developing this aspect of Callicles’ soul. Calicles makes clear both through his words and actions in the ensuing conversation that he defends a way of life defined by honor and public recognition in the political realm, by the subjugation of others, and by the satisfaction of all kinds of appetites and desires all considered constitutive elements of a happy life. In this sense, the first words of the dialogue offer us a first glimpse of the figure of Callicles which coheres with his characterization throughout the whole dialogue.Ítem Texto completo enlazado La regulación de los fármacos en las Leyes de Platón(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades, 2023-07-19) Londoño Sanz, DavidIn the standard manuscript of the Laws the Parisinus Graecus 1807 of the 9th Century AD this dialogue is placed between the Minos and the Epinomis. While in the Minos the pupil refers to the diversity of rites and traditions that can be observed amongst different peoples, the Epinomis stresses the unity of the law. The regulation of symposia, the access to drugs, to intoxicating drinks and to medicine is a fundamental theme of the Laws. This is evident already from the composition of the dialogue, since this theme is discussed in its first books. The art of regulating communal life is shown as a technique that can be perfected through dialogue. Communal drinking can be beneficial, says the anonymous Athenian foreigner, since wine encourages citizens to sing, and through the confrontation with pleasure citizens are able to exercise temperance. Since the consumption of wine may also produce excesses and loss of constraint, its consumption should be regulated. The Athenian proposes a minimal age limit for wine drinking: 18 years old (Laws, 2.666a-e). The position of the Athenian foreigner concerning the regulation of drugs is a message that might be called “antiprohibitionist”, although not in the contemporary sense (individualist and liberal), but in the sense that an absolute prohibition of drug consumption for the citizens is not defended: the proposal is to allow its consumption, but under a legal and communitarian regulation.Ítem Texto completo enlazado The Koinōnia of Non-Being and Logos in the Sophist Account of Falsehood(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades, 2022-03-28) Wiitala, MichaelAt Sophist 260e3-261a2, the Eleatic Stranger claims that in order to demonstrate that falsehood is, he and Theaetetus must first track down what speech (logos), opinion (doxa), and appearance (phantasia) are, and then observe the communion (koinōnia) that speech, opinion, and appearance have with non-being. The Stranger, however, never explicitly discusses the communion of speech, opinion, and appearance with non-being. Yet presumably their communion is implicit in his account of falsehood, given his claim that observing that communion is needed in order to demonstrate that falsehood is (260e5-a2). This essay seeks to make the communion that speech has with non-being explicit. I argue that speech has communion with non-being in that the things and actions speech combines together by means of nouns and verbs need not be combined in a way that reveals (δηλοῖ) how the being a given speech is about combines ontologically with other beings.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Koinōnía y Justicia. De la República al Parménides(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades, 2022-03-28) Gutiérrez, RaúlThe main reason why the developmental interpretation of the platonic Parmenides believes this dialogue constitutes a crisis in the development of Plato’s thought is the idea that the philosopher criticizes therein its Theory of Ideas of the middle period – Phaedo, Symposium, Republic. The theory supposedly criticized would conceive the Ideas as absolutely simple and isolated unities that, as such, would make impossible the fulfilment of their own function. This would only be possible by a new relational conception of the Ideas introduced in Parmenides and developed in Sophist. In contrast to some scholars who do not even mention certain passages in those dialogues (e.g. Cordero, 2014, 2016), I will show 1) that the notion of koinōnia is essential to the project of the Republic, since its central idea, the notion of justice, is unthinkable without the notion of koinōnia of the Ideas with each other; and 2) that Parmenides makes use of this notion of justice (150a) precisely in relation to the eidetical koinōnia (143a-b) and to the Idea conceived as a whole (ὅλον) “which has come to be one complete/perfect thing out of all its parts – ἐξ ἁπάντων ἓν τέλειον γεγονός” (157e1, ἓν ἐκ πολλῶν, 157c6, ἓν τέλειον μόρια ἔχον, 157e4).Ítem Texto completo enlazado The Women’s Law (tou gynaikeiou nomos) in the Kallipolis of Plato’s Republic(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades, 2022-03-28) Cornelli, Gabriele; Maia, RosaneThe Women’s Law discussed in book V of the Republic, known as the first wave, is a notorious example of Socrates’ reformist intention to achieve justice in the polis. The legislation for women, in general, has historically been relegated by the Republic interpreters. This paper aims to analyze this passage, from 449a to 457c, through the arguments provided by Socrates seen as crucial to conceive equality between the sexes (under the ontological foundation of the same human nature) as well as to favor institutional change according to nature, kata physin, thus opening the possibility for women to govern the polis. Before leaving for the external confrontation, Socrates considers it urgent that his interlocutors, Adeimantus, Glaucon, and Polemarchus, agree with each other. Thus, he urges them to start the argument by questioning the human nature of women and their capacity for the same functions (erga) performed by men in the city. The examination of the intelligible enabled the logos on women’s intellectual capacity to support adequate legislation. Such nomos put into practice proves to be the best for the city and its guardians. To that extent, Socrates can conclude the investigation with a consensus on what to do and willingness to confront opposing opinions in the city urgently.Ítem Texto completo enlazado El comercio según Platón: ¿factor de división o de comunidad política?(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades, 2022-03-28) Helmer, Etienne“Commerce according to Plato: a factor of division or political community?”. It is often thought that the Greek philosophers despise both wholesale trade between cities as retail trade within cities. According to this lengthy interpretive tradition, Plato conforms on this matter to Homeric and Hesiodic poetry: commerce has a reputation as a trade associated with dishonesty and profit-seeking, for which it is believed to promote more division and conflict than harmony and social cohesion. However, a careful reading of some passages in Plato’s Dialogues, and particularly of the Republic, reveals another aspect of his approach to commerce and its influence on the cohesion of the polis. Trying to highlight an aspect that is usually ignored by most interpreters, this paper argues that Plato sees in commerce itself a factor allowing the formation and maintenance of the community of the polis. This approach is based on Plato’s conviction that the political character of the human being is forged through multiple exchanges, among which trade plays a fundamental role.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Communication and Kinship. On “Koinōnia” and “Syngeneia” in Plato’s Dialogues(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades, 2022-03-28) Delle Donne, CarloThe purpose of this paper is to shed light on the multiple functions of the notion of koinōnia in Plato’s dialogues. Koinōnia and its absence characterize reality as a whole: both the intelligible and the sensible entities either “communicate” or do not “communicate” (koinōnein); therefore, reconstructing the net of koinōnia-relationships amounts to putting dialectics into practice. So far so good. But an analysis which aims at clarifying the role played by koinōnia cannot but take also syngeneia into account. The reason for this fact lies in the essential link which binds koinōnia and syngeneia, with the latter being the condition of possibility of the former.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Koinōnia and the Psychology of Possession(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades, 2022-03-28) Konrádová, VeronikaThis paper addresses the concept of koinōnia discussed in Plato’s Republic. It focuses on the specific ways the term enters the discussion about social organisation within the guardian class, such as the proposal for abolishing a nuclear family in favour of the community of wives and children. The paper aims to reveal the psychological basis connecting Plato’s socio-economic proposals to his principal ethical and political concerns. It examines (i) the argument supporting the proposals of the social organisation of the guardians, (ii) the psychological background of these proposals, (iii) the socio-cultural context against which these proposals are defined and (iv) the position of these considerations in the broader scheme of Plato’s thought.