Anthropologica

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/178510

ISSN: 0254-9212
e-ISSN: 2224-6428

Anthropologica del Departamento de Ciencias Sociales es una publicación de la Especialidad de Antropología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú que se edita desde 1983.

Anthropologica publica trabajos originales inéditos resultado de las investigaciones empíricas y etnográficas más recientes dentro de la antropología y disciplinas afines en el ámbito nacional e internacional, con énfasis en la región andina y amazónica. Se dirige a estudiosos de antropología, profesores universitarios, investigadores y académicos de las ciencias sociales y humanas.

La revista está compuesta por cuatro secciones: Artículos, Reseñas, Traducciones, y Testimonios para la historia de la antropología. Las temáticas dentro de estas secciones pueden ser muy variadas como se puede observar al revisar los números anteriormente publicados. Las mismas deben ser, sin embargo, relevantes a la antropología y disciplinas afines.

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Mostrando 1 - 10 de 27
  • Ítem
    Después del manicomio
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-06-18) Villa-Palomino, Julio; Shimabukuro Higa, Alexandra Hiromi; Cornejo Rossello, Guillermo Percy
    This article explores Peru’s transition towards community mental health from 1980 to 2022. Using an approach from medical anthropology and related social sciences, we argue that the community mental health reform in Peru has been influenced and shaped by multiple sociohistorical and political processes such as the period of internal armed conflict, economic crises, and the adoption of neoliberal policies. This article is based on an analysis of the national guidelines and reports related to mental health, participant observation in a Community Mental Health Center and with residents of a district of Lima, and interviews with citizens, health providers, and mental health activists. The analysis of the national mental health guidelines shows how sociohistorical processes influence mental health policies. The ethnographic work complicates citizens’ varying perceptions of the community mental health model and the process of psychiatric deinstitutionalization. Now that mental health care takes place in the community, our ethnographic analysis points to changes in different notions of madness, care, and mental health and illness. The mental health reform also generates opportunities, such as mental health activism and the potential inclusion of community actors, as well as the inclusion of people with mental health problems in the elaboration of their diagnoses and treatments.
  • Ítem
    «Esa foto es la que más me ha gustado de él»1. Historias fotográficas familiares contadas por videollamadas
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-21) Figueroa Espejo, Mercedes
    This article proposes methodological reflections on a digitally mediated ethnographic work that explores the family memories of police and military personnel killed in armed action during the Peruvian internal armedconflict (1980-2000). This exploration was carried out through the consultation of their domestic photographic archives (analog and digital) and from the voices of their closest relatives (widows and older sister). Thus, it was proposed to make visible other stories in relation to the violence of those years. The research digital mediation was held mainly through WhatsApp video calls. This social network allowed the conduction of interviews and photo elicitation exercises with analog photographs, to reconstruct lifestories. This experience encouraged a series of (re)adaptations and (re) learnings to understand these video calls as ethnographic meeting places and as windows into the everyday and intimacy of homes, inviting to rethink distances and places of enunciation in research contexts.
  • Ítem
    Cómo se construye al enemigo
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-21) Gavilán Sánchez, Lurgio
    From an auto-ethnographic perspective, the study analyzes the construction of different types of enemies in the context of the internal armed conflict and state of exception that took place in Ayacucho, Peru, between1980 and 2000. The result suggests a critical examination of the states of exception. Well then, beyond the reduction to a single enemy-friend (Sendero Luminoso and the Peruvian State), new qualitative views showa complex kaleidoscopic situation of multiple faces of the social subject, which involves examining the network of adversaries: troops, terrucos, cachacos, even a statue of the Inca. Thus, in the face of dichotomous and stigmatizing visions, knowing these dissimilar enemies allows us to betterunderstand the victim and perpetrator produced in a context of violence, with their own interests and local cultural logics, since these adversaries caused polarization and fractures of the social fabric.
  • Ítem
    Peruvian Masculinities: A review
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-02-17) Villa-Palomino, Julio
    This article is an overview of Peruvian studies and research on men and masculinities. This field of study has around forty years of existence and Peru has contributed with scholarship that advances the field both theoretically and methodologically. This overview identifies seven main areas prioritized by Peruvian social scientists: 1) the construction of masculinities; 2) masculinities and gender violence; 3) reconstruction and relearning of masculinities; 4) paternities; 5) emotions and corporality; 6) representations of masculinities in the media and literature; and 7) masculinities and gender diversity. I conclude this overview by highlighting new ways for research.
  • Ítem
    Protegiendo los derechos de propiedad intelectual y el conocimiento ecológico tradicional: una mirada crítica a la Ley 27811 del Perú
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2021-08-09) Hak Hepburn, Michelle L.
    The Peruvian government’s Law N. 27811, an intellectual property law passed in 2002 and designed to register and protect tradItional knowledge, provides productive opportunities for critical analysis. Framed within the trajectory of international intellectual property rights and discussions that complicate the integration of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) into Cartesian scientific frameworks, this paper critically examines how the Peruvian law has been implemented and its impacts in Indigenous communities, particularly in the Andean Amazon region. The analysis is based on the author’s work assisting Indigenous communities in San Martin register their knowledge through this law. While the law represents an advanced legal attempt to address power inequalities, it remains problematic. It does not address the impoverishment of Indigenous Peoples and continues to subordinate Indigenous TEK to Cartesian science. Although it is a symbolic recognition of the value of Peruvian Indigenous Peoples, other mechanisms are still required to redress the long history of colonization and racism.
  • Ítem
    Interculturalidad en Salud: Reflexiones a partir de una Experiencia Indígena en la Amazonia Peruana
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2017-12-15) Cárdenas, Cynthia Giovanna; Pesantes, María Amalia; Rodríguez, Alfredo
    This article examines the main characteristics of the proposal on interculturality developed by an indigenous Amazonian organization of Peru for the training of indigenous youth as nurse technicians in intercultural health. It shows how the Interethnic Association for the Development of the Peruvian Jungle (Aidesep) appropriates the concept of interculturality, reconfigures and reconstructs it. Based on internal documents, institutional publications, testimonies of graduates of the intercultural health program, leaders and members of the technical team of the Indigenous Health Program of AIDESEP, we analyze the construction and implementation of the concept of interculturality. We also examin the way in which an indigenous organization becomes a proponent of interculturality, building an indigenous response for the training of health professionals prepared to provide culturally appropriate health services to the indigenous population. The proposal for the training of nurse technicians in intercultural health shows that it is possible for critical interculturality to move from discourse to practice when indigenous peoples develop their own intercultural proposals.
  • Ítem
    Desfigurando la memoria: (des)atando los nudos de la memoria peruana
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2015-07-02) Milton, Cynthia E.
    This article examines opposing currents in Peru’s collective memory of their bloody internal war (1980-2000) through an analysis of acts of vandalism perpetrated against one of the country’s few sites of memory, El ojo que llora, in Lima. ‘Vandalism’ in this article is understood as a form of writing (though a violent one) of an alternative vision of the past. Originally intended as a space for remembering and paying homage to the victims of the armed conflict, the site has become a space for contesting memories. As a site of performance of memory and human rights claims, and especially as the target of continued defacement, El ojo que llora has become a stage on which the presence of the past —in its still-conflictual strains— is made visible for national and international publics. It thus refuses the very closure that government narratives would impose, and thereby keeps open public engagement with the past. The ongoing conflicts over the past made visible at this site point to the struggles to define an overarching memory, and in the processthe very meaning of ‘victim’ is constrained.
  • Ítem
    Acumulación de Derechos de Agua en el Perú
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2016-12-15) Hendriks, Jan; Boelens, Rutgerd
    En Latinoamérica, la gobernanza del agua se enfrenta con el problema del aumento de la demanda de recursos hídricos, la creciente variabilidad hidrológica en un contexto de cambio climático, y la contaminación que sigue proliferándose. Por lo tanto, se observa una creciente escasez de agua, en cantidad y calidad, generando competencia y conflictos entre los actores involucrados. El problema coincide con el urgente temario internacional de la concentración de tierra, que está muy entrelazado con la concentración del agua en pocas manos. La globalización y un clima político neoliberal facilitan que actores poderosos acumulen derechos y volúmenes de agua a expensas de usuarios de menor poder. Este documento tiene por objetivo examinar el contexto nacional poniendo atención especial en la acumulación en casos ejemplares de la costa peruana. Se basa en revisión de literatura, informes y archivos pertinentes. Concluye que la distribución injusta de tierra y agua, a expensas de familias rurales y de territorios comunales e indígenas, constituye una grave amenaza para la sostenibilidad ambiental, la seguridad hídrica y la seguridad alimentaria. 
  • Ítem
    Agro-exportación y sobreexplotación del acuífero de Ica en Perú
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2016-12-15) Muñoz, Ismael
    El crecimiento económico agroexportador en el valle de Ica se ha llevado a cabo concentrando la tierra y las fuentes de agua subterránea. Este proceso ha dado mayor poder a las empresas agroexportadoras, las cuales responden individualmente a la demanda del mercado internacional. El incremento en la demanda externa de los productos del valle genera importantes beneficios privados, pero inhibe la acción colectiva para la conservación del acuífero. Cada empresa decide la cantidad de pozos a perforar y el volumen de agua subterránea que debe extraer, dados los requerimientos técnicos de los cultivos; y ante una débil regulación pública. La mayor extracción con respecto a la reserva y disponibilidad de agua lleva a un descenso del volumen del acuífero y a un deterioro del recurso común y consecuente escasez. 
  • Ítem
    Una práctica negra que ha ganado a los blancos: símbolo, historia y devotos en el culto al Señor de los Milagros de Lima (siglos XIX-XXI)
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2016-08-10) Costilla, Julia
    El culto al Señor de los Milagros se manifiesta en la ciudad de Lima cada mes de octubre con una imponente convocatoria durante sus procesiones y se reactualiza en las prácticas de sus miles de fieles alrededor del mundo. Como parte de una investigación mayor orientada a indagar en la historia de este símbolo religioso desde mediados del siglo XVII, me propongo aquí avanzar desde su institucionalización (1771) y seguir su trayectoria durante el períodorepublicano para profundizar en cómo se forjaron los principales significados que hoy expresa este cristo entre la población peruana: una identidad nacional mestiza y una tradición afrodescendiente. Metodológicamente seguiré el abordaje de la antropología histórica, articulando fuentes de etnografía y archivo y aplicando un enfoque histórico-antropológico. Demostraré así cómo la definición del culto en tanto “práctica negra que ha ganado a los blancos” puede sintetizar el derrotero de este símbolo religioso en dos niveles: en términos de su tricentenario proceso histórico y en términos de las representaciones sobre ese proceso.