Perú: propuesta de redistribución de los recursos del canon y regalías mineras a nivel municipal
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial
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El estudio rediseña el sistema de transferencias intergubernamentales peruano a nivel municipal incorporando criterios de equidad horizontal y de compensación transversales en la distribuciónde recursos. Para dicho fin se empleó la metodología propuesta por Ahmad, Singh y Fortuna(2004), la cual plantea una fórmula para la nivelación de las transferencias a partir del cálculo de las capacidades tributarias y de las necesidades de gasto municipales. Los resultados del estudioson 5: (i) las municipalidades localizadas en regiones mineras reciben más recursos que los que debieran recibir acorde a sus capacidades fiscales y sus necesidades de gasto; (ii) los recursos que las municipalidades ubicadas en regiones mineras recibieron en exceso, ascendieron en el año 2006 a S/. 1.364,3 millones (US$ 455 millones), monto que representa un exceso de 67,5%; (iii)cuando se implementa una reforma integral del sistema de transferencias intergubernamentales, la totalidad de recursos que las municipalidades de regiones mineras reciben en exceso, son absorbidas por los municipios de regiones no mineras; (iv) la dispersión de la distribución interregional de recursos municipales se reduce progresivamente en cada una de las tres etapas de la reforma propuesta; (v) para reformar el sistema de transferencias peruano no se requieren recursos adicionales, únicamente voluntad política. El documento concluye estableciendo cuatro lineamientos para la adopción de una reforma del sistema de transferencias intergubernamentales peruano.
In this study the Peruvian intergovernmental transfer system was re-designed taking into consideration both horizontal equity and transverse compensation in the distribution of resources. In doing so, the Ahmad, Singh and Fortuna (2004)’s methodology was used, the same which proposes a formula to equalize intergovernmental transfers by calculating fiscal capacities and spending requirements at the municipal level. The results of the study are 5: (i) the municipalities located at mining regions receive more resources than they should receive according to their fiscal capacities and spending needs; (ii) the municipalities located at mining regions received S/. 1.364,3 millions (US$ 455 millions) in excess, which represents a surplus of 67,5%; (iii) when a entire reform of the transfer system is implemented, the whole of the resources that municipalities placed at mining regions receive in excess are redistributed between non-mining municipalities; (iv) the variance of the resources inter-regional distribution declines gradually ineach of the 3 stages of the proposed reform; (v) additional resources are not necessary to equalizethe intergovernmental transfer system, only political will is needed. At the end, the study establishes 4 guidelines to implement a reform of the Peruvian intergovernmental transfer system.
In this study the Peruvian intergovernmental transfer system was re-designed taking into consideration both horizontal equity and transverse compensation in the distribution of resources. In doing so, the Ahmad, Singh and Fortuna (2004)’s methodology was used, the same which proposes a formula to equalize intergovernmental transfers by calculating fiscal capacities and spending requirements at the municipal level. The results of the study are 5: (i) the municipalities located at mining regions receive more resources than they should receive according to their fiscal capacities and spending needs; (ii) the municipalities located at mining regions received S/. 1.364,3 millions (US$ 455 millions) in excess, which represents a surplus of 67,5%; (iii) when a entire reform of the transfer system is implemented, the whole of the resources that municipalities placed at mining regions receive in excess are redistributed between non-mining municipalities; (iv) the variance of the resources inter-regional distribution declines gradually ineach of the 3 stages of the proposed reform; (v) additional resources are not necessary to equalizethe intergovernmental transfer system, only political will is needed. At the end, the study establishes 4 guidelines to implement a reform of the Peruvian intergovernmental transfer system.
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Economía, Transferencias Intergubernamentales, Nivelación de Transferencias, Equidad Horizontal, Compensación Transversal, Intergovernmental Transfers, Equalization Transfers, Horizontal Equity, Transverse Compensation
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Excepto se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este artículo se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

