Buenas prácticas de abastecimiento en la cadena de suministro: el caso de empresas exportadoras de quinua en la ciudad de Lima
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Date
2019-03-21
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En el 2017 el Perú recuperó el primer lugar como productor y exportador de quinua
en el mundo. Este grano andino tiene alta demanda en el ámbito mundial debido a sus
propiedades nutricionales; por ello se ha convertido en uno de los productos bandera de las
exportaciones y, por consiguiente, una de las razones por la que el país es reconocido. Sin
embargo y debido a esta demanda, la producción de quinua ha sufrido variaciones drásticas
en los últimos años, las cuales han ocasionado que las empresas agroexportadoras tengan que
realizar variaciones a sus planes de producción o, inclusive, a sus procedimientos de trabajo
para llegar a cumplir con los requerimientos del cliente y, sobre todo, obtener una adecuada
rentabilidad. A raíz de ello, las empresas agroexportadoras tienen que buscar la manera de
ser eficaces y eficientes en todos los procesos de la cadena de suministro. Una manera de
hacerlo es conociendo las buenas prácticas de la industria y su nivel de madurez en los
procesos de la cadena de suministro.
La presente investigación permite conocer las buenas prácticas definidas por la
Supply Chain Council (SCC) a través de la metodología Supply Chain Operations Reference
Model (SCOR) versión 12, la cual brinda las mejores prácticas de cadena de suministro
aplicadas a todas las industrias. Para esta investigación, se aplican todos estos conocimientos
en el proceso de abastecimiento de quinua, el cual se ha identificado que es el proceso más
crítico en toda la cadena de suministro. Se describe cómo son los procesos actuales, los
riesgos que se tienen en las empresas agroexportadoras de quinua, y finalmente se conocen
las buenas prácticas ya aplicadas en las industrias del rubro, con el fin de tener una
herramienta adicional para todas aquellas empresas que deseen incursionar en este rubro, o
aquellas que ya están en el rubro y necesiten conocer sobre qué puntos deben mejorar.
In 2017 Peru regained the first place as producer and exporter of quinoa in the world. This is an Andean, it has a great worldwide demand due to its nutritional properties, therefore, it has become one of the products. However, due to this high demand, the production of quinoa has improved drastically in recent years. These variations have caused the agro-export companies have to make changes in their production plans or, in turn, in turn, their work needs. As a result, agro-export companies have to find ways to be effective and efficient in all processes of the supply chain. One way to do this is to know the good practices of the industry and its level of maturity in the processes of the supply chain. The present investigation allows to know the good practices defined by the Supply Chain Council (SCC) through the Reference Model of Supply Chain Operations (SCOR) methodology, which provides the best practices of the applied supply chain to all industries. For this research, we will apply all this knowledge in the quinoa sourcing process, which has improved the most critical process throughout the supply chain. We will describe how the current processes are, the risks that the quinoa agro-export companies have, and finally we will know the good practices and the applications in the industries of the sector, in order to have an additional tool for all the companies that wish to venture into this item, or those that are already in the category and that need to know about which points should improve.
In 2017 Peru regained the first place as producer and exporter of quinoa in the world. This is an Andean, it has a great worldwide demand due to its nutritional properties, therefore, it has become one of the products. However, due to this high demand, the production of quinoa has improved drastically in recent years. These variations have caused the agro-export companies have to make changes in their production plans or, in turn, in turn, their work needs. As a result, agro-export companies have to find ways to be effective and efficient in all processes of the supply chain. One way to do this is to know the good practices of the industry and its level of maturity in the processes of the supply chain. The present investigation allows to know the good practices defined by the Supply Chain Council (SCC) through the Reference Model of Supply Chain Operations (SCOR) methodology, which provides the best practices of the applied supply chain to all industries. For this research, we will apply all this knowledge in the quinoa sourcing process, which has improved the most critical process throughout the supply chain. We will describe how the current processes are, the risks that the quinoa agro-export companies have, and finally we will know the good practices and the applications in the industries of the sector, in order to have an additional tool for all the companies that wish to venture into this item, or those that are already in the category and that need to know about which points should improve.
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Keywords
Quinua--Industria y comercio--Perú, Investigación cualitativa, Producción--Administración
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