Boletín de Arqueología PUCP
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/182540
ISSN: 1029-2004
e-ISSN: 2304-4292
El Boletín de Arqueología PUCP es la revista de la Especialidad de Arqueología del Departamento de Humanidades de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. El Boletín de Arqueología PUCP se inicia en 1997 como parte de la necesidad de contar con un foro de diálogo entre los arqueólogos nacionales, así como entre ellos y sus colegas extranjeros. Asimismo, la revista continúa la tradición iniciada por el Boletín del Seminario de Arqueología del Instituto Riva-Agüero (Nos. del 1 al 20, 1969-1978).
El Boletín de Arqueología PUCP se encuentra indizado en las siguientes plataformas: Latindex, Dialnet, CLASE, EbscoHost, Gale Cengage, JournalTOCs y Worldcat.
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado Fotogrametría, modelamiento tridimensional y drones en arqueología. Primera parte. La ilustración arqueológica. De la representación artística al modelamiento tridimensional(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-10-11) Castillo Butters, Luis Jaime; Barrera Yaranga, Héctor3D photogrammetric modeling has brought about a revolution in archaeological documentation and illustration: 3D models allow one to interact and work with images and hold a vast amount of information. In this article we explore the development, characteristics and advantages of the various methods of archaeological illustration: artistic illustrations, technical drawings, photographs, video and computer-generated images. We explore the possibilities opened up by photogrammetric models, as well as the characteristics and differences entailed by the modeling of artifacts, contexts, sites and regions. The second part of this article will explore the different methods and strategies used in 3D modeling of archaeological sites.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Investigaciones preliminares en dos centros administrativos wari en la puna de Chipao, provincia de Lucanas, región de Ayacucho(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-11-28) Sulca Huarcaya, Nils RamiroIn its desire to expand beyond the Central Andes, the Wari empire left behind traces of its political influence, for instance the edifices that were used as administrative centres throughout ancient Peru’s littoral, highlands and tropical forest. These centres controlled the resources and produce of specific territories, such as the stockpile of a large variety of camelid fibre, which was then be taken to the Wari capital or to other places within Wari territory. This paper presents some data collected in the survey of Llaqtapampa 1 and 2, two Wari administrative centres in the puna of Chipao (Ayacucho) that seem to have been mainly devoted to camelid raising and to the supply of camelid fibre and meat, as well as—to a lesser extent—to other agricultural produce, and perhaps even some mineral extraction. The strategic position these two sites have held since Wari times connected the lowland and highland Andean corridors—a socio-cultural scenario that has as yet been little problematised in archaeological discussions.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Paisajes de dependencia en Cochabamba durante el Tawantinsuyu y la colonia temprana(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-11-01) Gabelmann, Olga; Noack, KarolineOne of the major transformations of the landscape and ecosystem that the Cochabamba Valley underwent was due to the conquest by the Incas, which caused the displacement of its population and the relocation of mitimaes from all parts of Tawantinsuyu to work the newly expropriated state lands. Thus, the valley became a new centre of dependency and consolidation of the Inca state. Only shortly afterwards, the Spanish conquest, through new displacements of labour, created colonial dependencies, but based on already-existing structures, especially on the state farms. The lands themselves became the nucleus of colonial exploitation and therefore the focus of conflicts between Spaniards and indigenous people, but also between the indigenous people themselves. Our aim is to understand the intertwining of the dependencies created in the course of both conquests, which were reflected in various modifications of the landscape and ecosystem. To do so, we innovatively use combined archaeological (GIS mapping, survey, excavation) and ethnohistorical (data systematisation and toponymy) methods, so as to understand the location and use of land in the changing dependency landscapes of the Cochabamba valley from the Late Intermediate Period (1000/1100-1470 AD) to the early colonial period (1538-1700 AD).Ítem Texto completo enlazado De lo visible a lo oculto: un estudio de visibilidad (SIG) en la región de Vilcabamba, Andes peruanos, durante los periodos Intermedio Tardío y Horizonte Tardío(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-10-25) Conrad, Claire; Mader, ChristianThe prehispanic Andes are an environment teeming with living beings, both human and non-human. Non-human entities exhibit many similar traits to Andean societies, including a hierarchy, characters with individual personalities and motivations. Regular interactions between humans and these entities were necessary to protect against them. Especially the most important entities, the highest peaks called apus, were potential protectors, but also a constant threat. Visibility and sight are an important aspect in the relationship, as anything within sight of an apu could be considered under its influence and thus could receive a positive or negative impact depending on its mood. This article focuses on that connection between Andean communities and the powerful apus, and how the Inca state could have used architecture to disrupt it using the example of the Vitcos valley. After the incorporation of the Vilcabamba region into the Tawantinsuyu, the Incas built Vitcos as their administrative and religious center and the former larger site Viracochan was abandoned. This meant moving a high-altitude settlement to the valley floor, changing the area that was visible to humans on a daily basis and impacting their communication with the apus of the Cordillera Vilcabamba.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Una planta de dependencias ecológicas, tecnológicas y sociales: reflexiones sobre la emergencia de Gossypium barbadense como planta textil(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-10-17) Alday, Camila; Beresford-Jones, DavidWhen approached as raw textile materials, plants provide a window onto the cultural dynamics of the Pacific coast. Cotton (Gossypium barbadense), whose origin dates back around 6000 years ago in South America, became an essential textile resource for the manufacture of netting, fishing utensils, and artifacts. When cotton wass introduced into plant fibre technologies, it triggered not only a transition from an economy of immediate-return of wild plants such as Typha sp., Scirpus sp., and Asclepias sp., to an economy of G. barbadense cultivation; it also became a resource that gave rise to new dependencies. To understand cotton as a catalyst for change in ecological, technological, and social relations is to re-signify this plant as a protagonist in the social dynamics of the Preceramic Period. This paper discusses how the initial use of cotton promoted dynamics of ecological, economic, and therefore social dependencies during the Preceramic Period on the Pacific coast. This article is an invitation to reflect on the contribution of the Preceramic Period and the scope of archaeobotany of textile plants for the study of early textile dynamics in the Andean region. More importantly, cotton provides a unique example for the study of the connection between the origins of plant cultivation and the development of textile-labor in South America.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Minería y dependencia: una visión bioarqueológica desde una hacienda mineral de la época virreinal (Perú, siglos XVI-XIX)(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-10-11) Tomasto-Cagigao, ElsaThe systems of asymmetrical dependency are those of coercive social relations, in which some actors control the actions or access to resources of others, and emic conceptions regarding power, inequality, work, experiences, and emotions are shared. The European invasion of America in the 16th century established a system with these characteristics. This type of relationship was strongly established in the field of metal production. This paper presents some results of a bioarchaeological investigation of a group of skeletons of people buried in a chapel located in a mineral hacienda from the Viceregal period. The impacts on health are analyzed through trauma, malformations, and infections in people of different sex and ancestry. The results show a correlation between the position in the asymmetrical dependency system and the types of fractures, but not with the malformations and infections.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Dependencia espacial entre sistemas de irrigación y patrones de asentamiento: el manejo del agua en la costa norte prehispánica del Perú(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-09-04) Schubert, Hanna M.; Mader, ChristianOn the northern Peruvian coast, where seasonal flooding and aridity and the effects of the phenomenon of El Niño characterise the desert landscape, water management systems adapted to the climate and landscape were built to enable agriculture. In this article, we review the archaeological literature on water management from its beginnings in the 2nd millennium BC to the technologies of the Chimu (1000-1470 AD) to draw conclusions about pre-Hispanic state development. In doing so, we observed a spatial connection between settlement distribution and water availability, including both natural sources and archaeologically verifiable artificial irrigation technologies, conditioned by its ecological and political setting. Our revision shows a significant change in the spatial connection between water resources and settlements in the Late Intermediate Period. Linked to this could be, on the one hand, different economic and sociopolitical organisational processes and, on the other hand, the potential for conflicts and consciously exploited power structures.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Dependencia y resistencia en la Amazonía colonial ecuatoriana: un estudio de cuentas de vidrio de una urna funeraria(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-09-04) Viteri Toledo, Tamia; Mader, ChristianGlass beads found in pre-Hispanic and colonial archaeological contexts in the Ecuadorian Amazon have not been frequently reported in the academic literature. Yet the unique discovery of this type of objects in a funerary urn in the collections of the Museo Arqueológico y Centro Cultural de Orellana (MACCCO-EP), which has been catalogued as belonging to the Napo phase, allows us to emphasise their use in mortuary practices prevailing in a colonial context with strong asymmetrical dependencies. This article aims to present a typological analysis of this set of glass beads so as to discuss exchange networks and the uses given to this material of European origin in colonial society and in indigenous Amazonian societies. A comparison of the results with other sets of glass beads in the Americas indicates that they were widely used between the seventeenth and the nineteenth centuries in various Amazonian secondary burial contexts in urns, thus allowing for the renewal and resistance of these practices in the colonial, and possibly also in the republican period.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Machuqolqa: de una aldea doméstica temporal a un centro de almacenaje inca(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-08-21) Delgado González, Carlos; Guardapuclla Aragón, Jaime; Socualaya Dávila, CarlosIn world history, states often used propaganda to claim control over a contiguous territory. However, despite these assertions, state control was always discontinuous, that is, more intensive in some parts than in others. In the prehispanic Andes, Spanish colonial chronicles echoed Inca propaganda, repeating that the empire had continuous territorial control in the Cusco heartland. This article departs from that perspective and focuses on Machuqolqa, a small village first occupied between 1300 and 1400 AD with an intermittent and semi-mobile agropastoral occupation. Starting in the 15th century and throughout the Inca occupation, the site changed and included domestic structures in addition to food storage buildings, which were used to accumulate and then redistribute resources to local ethnic groups. This research will demonstrate how pre-existing groups at Machuqolqa and Raqchi, a nearby settlement, maintained a certain autonomy in the development of their economic and social activities despite being incorporated in the Inca empire.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Un enfoque espacial para el estudio arqueológico de las relaciones de dependencia asimétrica basada en recursos esenciales: el caso de las tierras bajas mayas del sur(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-08-21) Graf, PaulAsymmetrical dependencies and social relations are generally difficult to demonstrate in the archaeological record, especially in societies with limited or no written evidence, and in geographic zones with high levels of decomposition. The Classic Maya of the southern lowlands in Mesoamerica were subject to both problems. In order to reconstruct a representative image of the settlement landscape during the Late Classic period, an integrated set of field methods was implemented at the archaeological site Tzikin Tzakan in the Peten region of Guatemala between 2021 and 2023. GIS analyses, such as least cost path and viewshed, allowed the study of dependency mechanisms based on essential resources, taking into account physical barriers, environmental risks and moral-ideological constraints. This article presents preliminary results and implications on the spatial relationships and social entanglements between different actors in the ancient community of Tzikin Tzakan.