Areté. Vol. 35 Núm. 2 (2023)
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/196446
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado Religión o el encuentro de la vida consigo misma(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) San Román Gómez, ÁlvaroThis paper attempts to offer a comprehensive approach to the religious phenomenon, considering that religion understood as the attitude that each life has towards the brute fact of life constitutes an anthropological universal. I claim that there are three emotional places or types of vital pathos that allow sketching three basic modes of articulating the religious: the pathos of disenchantment, the tragic pathos, and the pathos of wonder. After discussing the dialogues, tensions, and transitions between these, the paper concludes with a vindication of wonder as the genuine experience of a strictly religious life that is, a life reconciled with totality.Ítem Texto completo enlazado En defensa del “argumento maestro” de Berkeley(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) Prado Velásquez, Alvaro AntonioBerkley’s so-called “master argument”—through which he proves his principle esse est percipi—has been submitted to mixed criticisms by various commentators. Some defend its validity from the perspective of their own interpretations, while some claim that the argument is fallacious due to several objections. This article defends the master argument against three objections raised by Russell, Pitcher and Tripton. These could be respectively characterized as “the objection of the confusion of the perceptive act with the perceived object”, “the objection of the confusion of the concept of the object with the object itself”, and “the objection of the solipsism of the present”. I present my own reading of the master argument in order to avoid misunderstandings and claim that the correct understanding of this argument requires considering the following issues: the clarification of the Berkeleyan concepts of idea and perception; the explication of the intentionality of perception, understood as its intentional direction towards intentional objects (ideas); and the distinction between two levels of intentional direction of mediated experience (of an idea through another one)—that is, a level directed towards the concept or mental representation as its immediate intentional object, and another level directed towards the represented object as its mediated intentional object.Ítem Texto completo enlazado La pasión útil. Muerte y sentido de la vida en Miguel de Unamuno(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) Gutiérrez Pozo, AntonioThe bourgeois attitude towards death is to postpone it and forget it. The meaning of our existence is, then, to lengthen life as much as possible. Heidegger understands death as the most authentic possibility of human beings: human beings are there to die. In Unamuno the desire to live of the hunger for immortality is grounded on the awareness of having to die; at the same time, having to die implies the hunger for immortality. This is the tragic sense of life. Absolute death implies the complete lack of sense. Thus, human beings would be a useless passion. In the hunger for immortality there is, therefore, a profound affirmation of the meaning of life as a struggle for meaning. Although nothingness awaits us, let’s turn this into an injustice: that is, act in such a way that you do not deserve to die, that you deserve eternity and meaning. Against the metaphysical nihilism of Mephistopheles, hope is thus grounded. Therefore, this passion is useful since we are only able to relate to eternity and meaning by deserving them.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Univocidad y ciencia intuitiva en Spinoza(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) García Ruzo, AntonietaThis paper seeks to investigate the Spinozist theory of knowledge. The starting point of my argument is a reading hypothesis that connects the univocity of the real with intuitive science. The aim is to demonstrate that the cognoscitive access provided by the third genre of knowledge is the only means to attain knowledge of the totality of Nature. Accordingly, the paper shows, on the one side, that both imagination and reason provide us only with incomplete and biased knowledge of the real. On the other side, it shows that—notwithstanding their shortfalls—these cognoscitive perspectives are authentic and true, and are present in the third genre of knowledge. Finally, the paper shows the coherence of the Spinozist system and its proposal of intuitive science—knowledge of the unity underlying all perspectives—as the human ethical destiny.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Relación entre la intuición y la invención en matemáticas: una mirada desde Henri Bergson y Henri Poincaré(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) Peña Páez, Lina MaríaThe French authors Henri Bergson and Henri Poincaré call attention upon intuition and its relationship to mathematical invention. Both authors believe that intuition is an intellectual process that requires individual experience both physical and mathematical. They also claim that the results of intuition are to be observed in the surface of consciousness, i.e. in mathematical language. Additionally, both authors believe that intuition is necessary for mathematical invention. This paper shows the coincidences between Bergson and Poincaré concerning the relationship between intuition and invention. It investigates how its definition leads to the understanding of intuition as a process and, finally, how the idea of a dynamic scheme—introduced by Bergson to explain invention—is implicitly present in Poincaré’s thought.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Fundamentos de un método filosófico vital-experiencial de lo concreto afirmado sobre la praxis. La filosofía de L’Action de 1893 de Maurice Blondel(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) Pignalitti, David AntonioMaurice Blondel’s L’Action presents a philosophical method that seeks to access totality starting from the concrete, based on praxis as a dynamic-concrete and synthetic-universal mediation. The rigor of this method does not depend on an abstract or systematic logical sequence immanent to the method itself, but on a neces-sary concatenation immanent to the concrete life-dynamism. Philosophy is thus understood as the awareness of life in front of life itself. In a totalizing horizon of meaning, phenomena are seconded such as they appear to the subject, in an openness to the possibility of assuming the totality of their elements without exclusion, partiality, or contradiction.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Sobre cuatro ontologías inmanentes en Gilles Deleuze, en el cruce de La imagen-movimiento y Diferencia y repetición(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) Ferreyra, JuliánBy serially arranging Difference and Repetition (1968) and The Movement Image (1983) this paper sketches four trails in Gilles Deleuze’s divergent ontology, showing how each of the montage schools of classical cinema implies a determinate inversion in relation to four facets of the philosophical tradition represented by Hume, Spinoza, Hegel and Descartes. The taxonomy of the cinema studies opens clear paths in Deleuze’s obscure ontology. The book of 1968 reveals the philosophical load implicit in the cinematographic developments; at the same time, it shows the divergencies and incompatibilities that growl under the apparent neatness of the classification of cinematographic images.Ítem Texto completo enlazado “El espíritu de Marburgo” recorre la Estética operatoria. Luis Juan Guerrero, lector “evolutivo” de Heidegger(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) Belgrano, Mateo“‘The Spectre of Marburg’ wanders around the Operative Aesthetics. Luis Juan Guerrero, ‘Evolutive’ Reader of Heidegger”. This paper aims to analyse the reading of Martin Heidegger’s thought offered by Luis Juan Guerrero in his Operative Aesthetics. I claim that “The Origin of the Work of Art” plays a central role in the work of the Argentinian philosopher. However, this does not mean that Guerrero is not an original author or that he is a mere commentator of the German philosopher. On the contrary: the Argentinian philosopher offers a productive reading of Heidegger which allows him to build his own and authentic philosophy. By focusing on Heidegger’s essay on art and on the first volume of the Operative Aesthetics, this paper analyses three essential issues: the concept of tool, the world-earth relationship, and the bond between history and truth.Ítem Texto completo enlazado David Hume acerca del materialismo(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-12-11) Calvente, SofíaDuring the 17th and 18th centuries, an intense debate concerning materialism took place. This paper aims to describe David Hume’s position within this debate. I claim that, even though Hume rejects substantialist metaphysics to focus on the study of perceptions, he defends a position concerning the relationship between mind and matter. However, this position is rather complex to reconstruct since it is not explicitly stated in the texts edited during Hume’s life. I propose to define it as a restricted materialism since, regarding the nature of mind, Hume discards both the materialist and the immaterialist positions; although concerning the causes of thought he comes close to materialist positions by using arguments based on experience and the analogy with nature.