Journal of CENTRUM Cathedra. Vol. 01, Issue 02
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/194725
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JCC Volume 1 - Issue 2 - 2008
Doctoral Research Proposal
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Assessing Theory and Practice in Competitive Strategy: Challenges and Future Directions(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Parnell, John A.Competitive strategy scholars seek to answer three important questions: (a) what constitutes an effective strategy and how is it crafted, (b) how are strategies implemented in an organization, and (c) how can a strategy’s effectiveness be evaluated? Three corresponding themes, namely, strategy formulation, execution or implementation, and evaluation or control, permeate the competitive strategy literature. In this paper, nine issues of scholarly and practical relevance in the competitive strategy domain are reviewed and assessed. Collectively, the nine issues reflect the significant progress made in competitive strategy research in recent years and opportunities for further development in the field. Directions for future research are discussed.Ítem Acceso Abierto The Godfathers: Characteristics and Roles of Central Individuals in the Transformation of Techno-Regions(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Phillips, Fred Y.Many successful techno-regions have benefited from a single individual who sustained the regional vision, was the primary source of creative strategies, and is personally identified with the transformation and success of the region. This paper discovers common and distinctive factors in the biographies of these godfathers and in the roles they have played in their respective regions. We investigated eight godfathers of well-established techno-regions (including Frederick Terman of Silicon Valley, George Kozmetsky of Austin, and Morihiko Hiramatsu of Oita), comparing them with each other and with three godfathers and one godmother of smaller regions that have begun their transformative efforts more recently. Using theories of networking and diffusion of innovation, we advance tentative conclusions about the factors that enable a godfather’s effective action, and about the newer godfathers’ or godmothers’ likelihood of success. These small-sample results suggest an extension of social network theory to encompass the unique characteristics of a tiny but highly influential minority: The godfathers who drive technological and economic change in regions.Ítem Acceso Abierto Is Efficiency the Equivalent to a High Rate of Return for Private Pension Funds? Evidence from Latin American Countries(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Guillen, Jorge B.During the last few years, there has been a large increase in the rate of return for most Latin American private pension fund institutions (AFPs). This favorable performance of funds comes with an economic boom in the region. However, efficiency, which is the equivalent of good management, does not go along with this successful performance of AFPs. We measure efficiency with the Data Envelopment Analysis technique, and we test for a sample of 9 countries in Latin America to determine if there is any link between efficiency of AFPs and their rate of return. The results suggest that local market power is not necessarily sufficient for certain large AFPs.Ítem Acceso Abierto TQM Practices in Manufacturing and Service Companies in Peru(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Pino, Ricardo M.The research study involved exploring how Peruvian companies use TQM practices and the differences in this use considering industrial sector and company size. Three hundred and sixty-three MBA students, middle managers of private companies operating in Arequipa, Cajamarca, Chiclayo, Cusco, Lima, Piura, or Trujillo, answered a questionnaire, developed by the author, about the use of TQM practices in their companies. The findings indicate significant differences between manufacturing and service companies in two practices, information and analysis and empowerment; and significant differences among small, medium, and large companies in two practices, information and analysis, and employee training.Ítem Acceso Abierto Regulation, Monitoring, and Ownership Influence the Quality of Service of Latin American Electric Distribution Utilities: A Doctoral Research Proposal(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Revolo, Miguel J.The decline in the quality of service of electric distribution utilities in Latin America is a topic requiring investigation because of its effect on the sustainability of privatization. The quality of service could be a hidden cost of privatization because the policies of regulation have neglected the quality-of-service issue. The aim of this study will be to determine the influence of regulation, monitoring, and ownership on the quality of service of Latin American electric distribution utilities. A panel data technique will be appropriate for the analysis because of the need to incorporate cross-sectional and time-series data. The outcomes of this research may help regulators and decision makers to implement policies to improve the quality of service.Ítem Acceso Abierto Net Foreign Assets and Imperfect Financial Integration: An Empirical Approach(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Selaive, Jorge; Tuesta, VicenteResearchers have documented extensive empirical evidence on both risk sharing across countries and the uncovered interest rate parity (UIP) condition. This paper involves investigating the empirical implications of imperfectly integrated financial markets resulting from the two phenomena. Under this asset market structure, the net foreign assets (NFA) position of a country affects both the risk-sharing condition and the UIP. Strong evidence exists for Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries that the NFA contribute to the lack of risk sharing across countries. Similarly, in terms of the UIP, the NFA can capture a time-varying risk premium for a small group of countries over short-term horizons.Ítem Acceso Abierto The Asymmetric Effects of Monetary Policy in General Equilibrium(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Castillo, Paul; Montoro, CarlosThe study involved extending a dynamic general equilibrium neoKeynesian model by considering preferences that exhibit intertemporal nonhomotheticity. Introducing this feature generates a state-dependent intertemporal elasticity of substitution, which induces asymmetric shifts in aggregate demand in response to monetary policy shocks. The effect, in combination with a convex Phillips curve, generates in equilibrium asymmetric responses in output and inflation to monetary policy shocks similar to those observed in the data. In particular, a higher response of both output and inflation to policy shocks exists when economy growth is temporarily high than temporarily low.Ítem Acceso Abierto On the Normality of Stock Return Distributions: Latin American Markets, 2000-2007(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Chion, Sergio J.; Veliz C., Carlos N.An increasing amount of empirical research conducted at different times and in different geographical settings challenges the traditional assumption of the normal distribution of stock returns evident in the main body of financial theory. This article involved testing the normality assumption for the behavior of market returns in the main Latin American stock markets. Normality tests were applied to daily market returns for the period 2000 to 2007 for the main security markets of Peru, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela. The normality hypothesis is rejected for all these markets. The article also involved testing the normality assumption for market returns over longer periods, considering specifically blocks of 5, 20, 60, and 120 consecutive market days between 2000 and 2007. In general, the behavior of the returns approaches a normal distribution as the length of time increases.Ítem Acceso Abierto Assessing Rural Community Empowerment: What it takes to Think Innovatively A Doctoral Research Proposal(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2008) Lopez, Lucy H.Rural communities’ capacity to absorb policy intervention towards sustained development could be improved if individuals thought innovatively as a result of increased empowerment and strengthened community organization involving individual and collective effort. The aim of the proposed study is to analyze the relationship between community members’ empowerment and their innovative thinking, influenced by the social capital of their community organization and using health promotion as the intervening factor. Health, an essential element for development, implies individual’s action through healthy lifestyles and behaviors as well as collective action. The study will take place in rural communities in the Amazon jungle of Peru and will test differences between communities with different intensities of health promotion activities.