Estudio de caso de una estudiante de 2° grado de primaria con dificultad en la fluidez lectora y procesos léxicos ortográficos de la escritura
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2022-05-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La competencia en lectura y escritura son fundamentales para adquirir cualquier tipo de aprendizaje en algún
aspecto de la vida personal y social. Por ello, es esencial empezar en la etapa preescolar con el desarrollo de
habilidades básicas, para después lograr consolidar los procesos de lectura y escritura durante la etapa
escolar y así lograr un buen desempeño académico. El objetivo del presente estudio de caso es diseñar un
plan de evaluación e intervención acorde a las necesidades que presenta una niña de 7 años con dificultad
en la fluidez lectora y en los procesos léxico ortográfico de la escritura. Las dificultades en dichos procesos
afectan los procesos superiores de la lectura y escritura, evidenciando un desempeño menor al esperado
para su edad. La intervención se realiza tomando en cuenta los resultados obtenidos en la valoración, así
como los criterios de funcionalidad y evolución, priorizando las habilidades que permitan afrontar la exigencia
académica. Por este motivo, se planteó en la lectura priorizar la intervención en el proceso léxico (ambas
rutas la visual y la fonológica); en el proceso sintáctico los signos de puntuación y, en la escritura, en el
proceso léxico ortográfico. El progreso realizado en la lectura incidió de forma positiva en el proceso léxico
ortográfico de la escritura. Se concluye que el plan de intervención aplicado permitió a la niña lograr avances
en los procesos básicos de la lectura y en el proceso léxico ortográfico de la escritura.
The competence in reading and writing are essential to acquire any type of learning in some aspect of personal and social life. For this reason, it is essential to start in the preschool stage with the development of basic skills, to later consolidate the reading and writing processes during the school stage and thus achieve good academic performance. The objective of this case study is to design an evaluation and intervention plan according to the needs of a 7-year-old girl with difficulty in reading fluency and in the lexical orthographic processes of writing. Difficulties in these processes affect the higher processes of reading and writing, showing a performance lower than expected for their age. The intervention is carried out taking into account the results obtained in the assessment, as well as the criteria of functionality and evolution, prioritizing the skills that allow facing the academic demand. For this reason, it was proposed in reading to prioritize intervention in the lexical process (both the visual and the phonological routes); punctuation marks in the syntactic process and, in writing, in the orthographic lexical process. The progress made in reading had a positive impact on the spelling lexical process of writing. It is concluded that the intervention plan applied allowed the girl to achieve progress in the basic processes of reading and in the lexical orthographic process of writing.
The competence in reading and writing are essential to acquire any type of learning in some aspect of personal and social life. For this reason, it is essential to start in the preschool stage with the development of basic skills, to later consolidate the reading and writing processes during the school stage and thus achieve good academic performance. The objective of this case study is to design an evaluation and intervention plan according to the needs of a 7-year-old girl with difficulty in reading fluency and in the lexical orthographic processes of writing. Difficulties in these processes affect the higher processes of reading and writing, showing a performance lower than expected for their age. The intervention is carried out taking into account the results obtained in the assessment, as well as the criteria of functionality and evolution, prioritizing the skills that allow facing the academic demand. For this reason, it was proposed in reading to prioritize intervention in the lexical process (both the visual and the phonological routes); punctuation marks in the syntactic process and, in writing, in the orthographic lexical process. The progress made in reading had a positive impact on the spelling lexical process of writing. It is concluded that the intervention plan applied allowed the girl to achieve progress in the basic processes of reading and in the lexical orthographic process of writing.
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Lectura (Educación primaria)--Estudio de casos, Educación primaria--Estudio de casos, Escritura (Educación primaria)--Estudio de casos