Estrategias de afrontamiento frente a la masculinidad hegemónica en hombres homosexuales
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2023-09-18
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo conocer y analizar las estrategias de
afrontamiento de hombres homosexuales frente a la masculinidad hegemónica. Para ello,
como punto de partida, fue necesario conocer las vivencias y la percepción de los hombres
homosexuales sobre la masculinidad hegemónica, para así lograr entender la
manifestación de tales estrategias de afrontamiento. El estudio utilizó una metodología
cualitativa con diseño de análisis temático, el cual permitió identificar categorías y
familias que fundamentan la conceptualización de la masculinidad hegemónica y el uso
de estrategias de afrontamiento en hombres homosexuales de 20 a 30 años (N= 9). A
partir de las vivencias de los participantes en relación a la masculinidad hegemónica, se
evidencian siete características principales que aprendieron desde niños para ser
reconocido como hombre o “viril”, como por ejemplo, ser rudo, fuerte, valiente,
dominante y líder. Así también, se reconocen los medios de aprendizaje de la
masculinidad hegemónica, las dinámicas de cuestionamiento y castigo social, y las
consecuencias de la imposición de la masculinidad hegemónica. Por último, se reconocen
tres estilos de afrontamiento utilizados por los participantes, de los cuales en la actualidad
suelen utilizar en mayor medida dos de ellos: el estilo enfocado en el problema y el estilo
enfocado en las relaciones sociales. Es importante señalar que en este último apartado se
evidenció un cambio en el uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento centradas en la
evitación por las estrategias enfocadas al problema, lo cual benefició a la mayoría de los
participantes que tuvo este progreso.
The present research explores and analyzes the coping strategies of homosexual men as they seek to face hegemonic masculinity. To this end, as a starting point, it was necessary to explore participants’ experience and perceptions regarding hegemonic masculinity, to understand how they deploy such coping strategies. The study had a qualitative methodology with a thematic analysis design, which allowed the identification of categories and themes that underpin the conceptualization of hegemonic masculinity and the use of coping strategies in homosexual men aged 20 to 30 years (N = 9). There are seven main characteristics of hegemonic masculinity that the participants learned since childhood, such as being tough, strong, brave, dominant, and leading. Likewise, the results reveal the means through which they learned hegemonic masculinity, the dynamics of questioning and social punishment, and the consequences of this hegemonic masculinity. Finally, the participants used three coping styles, two of which are more extensively used in their present life: the style focused on the problem and the style focused on social relationships. It is important to note that there was evidence of changes in the use of coping strategies, which was to the benefit of the majority of participants. This change was evident in most of the participants, which consisted in the fact that, over the years, they stopped using strategies related to avoidance and began to include strategies focused on the problem to face adverse situations.
The present research explores and analyzes the coping strategies of homosexual men as they seek to face hegemonic masculinity. To this end, as a starting point, it was necessary to explore participants’ experience and perceptions regarding hegemonic masculinity, to understand how they deploy such coping strategies. The study had a qualitative methodology with a thematic analysis design, which allowed the identification of categories and themes that underpin the conceptualization of hegemonic masculinity and the use of coping strategies in homosexual men aged 20 to 30 years (N = 9). There are seven main characteristics of hegemonic masculinity that the participants learned since childhood, such as being tough, strong, brave, dominant, and leading. Likewise, the results reveal the means through which they learned hegemonic masculinity, the dynamics of questioning and social punishment, and the consequences of this hegemonic masculinity. Finally, the participants used three coping styles, two of which are more extensively used in their present life: the style focused on the problem and the style focused on social relationships. It is important to note that there was evidence of changes in the use of coping strategies, which was to the benefit of the majority of participants. This change was evident in most of the participants, which consisted in the fact that, over the years, they stopped using strategies related to avoidance and began to include strategies focused on the problem to face adverse situations.
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Homosexualidad masculina--Aspectos psicológicos, Masculinidad, Adaptación (Psicología)
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