El estado actual de la teoría macroeconómica
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2004
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía
Resumen
Este artículo describe la evolución de la teoría macroeconómica separándola en dos grandes secciones. La primera, destinada a la literatura sobre las economías cerradas, y la segunda, a la de las economías abiertas. La sección dedicada a las economías cerradas, economías que no exportan, no importan, y tampoco están conectadas a los mercados internacionales de capitales financieros, de lejos la más difundida dentro de la Macroeconomía, parte con Keynes, atraviesa la síntesis neoclásica, el monetarismo, la revolución de las expectativas racionales y culmina con la literatura más reciente de los ciclos económicos reales y de la nueva economía keynesiana. La sección dedicada a literatura de las economías abiertas, se inicia con Hume, repasa los aportes de Mundell y Fleming, la del Enfoque Monetario de la Balanza de Pagos, el overshooting y el Open Economy Macroeconomics de Rudiger Dornbusch y culmina con la literatura más reciente, condensada en el libro de Obstfeld y Rogoff, Foundations of International Macroeconomics.
This paper describes the evolution of macroeconomic theory in both closed and open economies. In the first section we present the evolution of the theory of a closed economy ¾economies that do not have international trade; nor do it have links to the international financial markets. Since Keynes, the neoclassical synthesis, the monetarists, the revolution of rational expectations, until the most recent literature such as the real business cycle theory and the new Keynesian economics. In the second section we present the evolution of the theory of an open economy. Since Hume, the work of Mundell and Fleming, the monetary approach of the balance of payments, the overshooting and the Open Economy Macroeconomics by Rudiger Dornbusch, until the most recent literature developed in the Foundations of International Macroeconomics by Obstfeld and Rogoff. As is evident, this presentation is not intended to be comprehensive in its coverage of the topics.
This paper describes the evolution of macroeconomic theory in both closed and open economies. In the first section we present the evolution of the theory of a closed economy ¾economies that do not have international trade; nor do it have links to the international financial markets. Since Keynes, the neoclassical synthesis, the monetarists, the revolution of rational expectations, until the most recent literature such as the real business cycle theory and the new Keynesian economics. In the second section we present the evolution of the theory of an open economy. Since Hume, the work of Mundell and Fleming, the monetary approach of the balance of payments, the overshooting and the Open Economy Macroeconomics by Rudiger Dornbusch, until the most recent literature developed in the Foundations of International Macroeconomics by Obstfeld and Rogoff. As is evident, this presentation is not intended to be comprehensive in its coverage of the topics.
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Macroeconomía
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