Índice de progreso social del distrito de Comas
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2019-10-25
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El Índice de Progreso social (IPS) es una herramienta para medir el progreso social de
una determinada población a través de variables sociales y ambientales (Social Progress
Imperative [SPI], 2018a) que se ubican dentro de las dimensiones de Necesidades humanas
básicas, Fundamentos de bienestar y Oportunidades. El objetivo de la investigación fue
calcular el IPS del distrito de Comas a través de la metodología definida por el SPI y
adaptada por CENTRUM PUCP en el “IPS de Ciudades”. Con esto, se buscó identificar las
principales carencias sociales y ambientales del distrito que sirvan de referencia para la
implementación de las iniciativas más adecuadas para la comuna.
El tipo de investigación utilizado para el presente estudio fue cuantitativo, descriptivo,
transversal y no experimental; ya que se emplearon fuentes primarias a través de una encuesta
realizada a 400 familias y fuentes secundarias a través de publicaciones estatales. Con la
información obtenida, se pudieron medir los indicadores de los componentes asociados a las
tres dimensiones del IPS de Comas y validar el análisis mediante diversas pruebas
estadísticas. Esta medición, fue aplicada en cada una de las tres Macrozonas identificadas en
Comas y en el distrito en general, logrando con ello determinar que Comas posee un IPS de
66.89 y que las tres Macrozonas poseen IPS de 67.92, 66.31 y 66.19, respectivamente. Dicha
calificación ubica a Comas con un nivel de desarrollo Medio alto según los estándares
definidos por el SPI, donde la dimensión que presenta una mejor calificación es Necesidades
humanas básicas con un puntaje de 74.70, pues destaca el alto nivel de cobertura de servicios
básicos como el agua y la electricidad; sin embargo, la inseguridad ciudadana es todavía un
gran problema en el distrito. Por otro lado, la dimensión con el menor puntaje fue
Oportunidades con una calificación de 57.92, destacando con los peores resultados, el
componente de Acceso a la educación superior, y el componente Derechos personales, por la
limitada participación ciudadana dentro del distrito.
The Social Progress Index (SPI) is a tool to measure the social progress of a specific population through social and environmental variables (Social Progress Imperative, 2018a) that are located within the dimensions of Basic human needs, Foundations of wellbeing and Opportunity. The objective of the research was to calculate the SPI of the Comas district through the methodology defined by the Social Progress Imperative and adapted by CENTRUM PUCP in the "IPS de Ciudades". With this, it was expected to identify the main social and environmental deficiencies of the district that serve as a reference for the implementation of the most appropriate initiatives for the it. The type of research used for the present study was quantitative, descriptive, transversal and non-experimental; since primary sources were used through a survey of 400 families and secondary sources through state publications. With the information obtained, the indicators of the components associated to the three dimensions of the Comas IPS could be measured and the analysis validated by means of various statistical tests. This measurement was applied in each of the three Macrozones identified in Comas and in the district in general, thereby determining that Comas has an IPS of 66.89 and that the three Macrozones have IPS of 67.92, 66.31 and 66.19, respectively. This rating places Comas with a Upper Middle Social Progress according to the standards defined by the Social Progress Imperative. The dimension that presents a better rating is that of Basic human needs with a score of 74.70, highlighting the high level of coverage of basic services such as water and electricity, although Shelther is a big problem in the district. On the other hand, the dimension with the lowest score was Opportunity with a score of 57.92. Within this dimension, stand out negatively with the worst rating the component of Access to higher education; and Personal rights component, due to limited citizen participation within the district.
The Social Progress Index (SPI) is a tool to measure the social progress of a specific population through social and environmental variables (Social Progress Imperative, 2018a) that are located within the dimensions of Basic human needs, Foundations of wellbeing and Opportunity. The objective of the research was to calculate the SPI of the Comas district through the methodology defined by the Social Progress Imperative and adapted by CENTRUM PUCP in the "IPS de Ciudades". With this, it was expected to identify the main social and environmental deficiencies of the district that serve as a reference for the implementation of the most appropriate initiatives for the it. The type of research used for the present study was quantitative, descriptive, transversal and non-experimental; since primary sources were used through a survey of 400 families and secondary sources through state publications. With the information obtained, the indicators of the components associated to the three dimensions of the Comas IPS could be measured and the analysis validated by means of various statistical tests. This measurement was applied in each of the three Macrozones identified in Comas and in the district in general, thereby determining that Comas has an IPS of 66.89 and that the three Macrozones have IPS of 67.92, 66.31 and 66.19, respectively. This rating places Comas with a Upper Middle Social Progress according to the standards defined by the Social Progress Imperative. The dimension that presents a better rating is that of Basic human needs with a score of 74.70, highlighting the high level of coverage of basic services such as water and electricity, although Shelther is a big problem in the district. On the other hand, the dimension with the lowest score was Opportunity with a score of 57.92. Within this dimension, stand out negatively with the worst rating the component of Access to higher education; and Personal rights component, due to limited citizen participation within the district.
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Palabras clave
Indicadores sociales--Perú--Comas (Lima : Distrito), Indicadores económicos--Perú--Comas (Lima : Distrito), Investigación cuantitativa
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