Modelo ProLab: NEXO NFU, sistema para trazabilidad y gestión de neumáticos fuera de uso en Perú
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Date
2024-11-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En Perú, se ha observado un aumento en el uso de neumáticos en el mercado en los
últimos años. En 2018, se ingresaron 92,629 toneladas de llantas que se convirtieron en
neumáticos fuera de uso (NFU) después de su uso (MINAM, 2023). Existe una
problemática respecto a la disposición final de los NFU, ya que la falta de infraestructura y
control de las normativas locales, así como, el poco accionar de los involucrados
(productores, distribuidores y generadores de NFU) viene generando el abandono o
entierro, la quema, o el uso de los NFU como combustible, siendo un grave peligro para el
medio ambiente.
El gobierno peruano, mediante el Ministerio del Ambiente [MINAM] emitió en
2021 la normativa legal que promueve la gestión responsable de los NFU, el cual exige a
los actores (productores, distribuidores y generadores de NFU) integrarse a un sistema de
manejo de NFU fiscalizado directamente por el Ministerio del Ambiente, (Decreto
Supremo No 024 -2021 – MINAM). NEXO NFU, busca interconectar a los principales
actores de gestión de NFU (productores, distribuidores y generadores de NFU) mediante un
software que permite la trazabilidad exacta de los neumáticos, lo cual contribuye a la
oportuna disposición cuando se convierten en NFU, donde los actores involucrados
alimentarán y dispondrán de información necesaria. El proyecto está respaldado
financieramente con un VAN de S/ 2`083,806 Soles y un TIR de 89.04%, inicia con una
inversión de S/ 472,662 Soles en los próximos cinco años, en los cuales se espera atender el
20% del mercado. Asimismo, el VAN social asciende a US$ 1`433,809 Dólares.
In Peru, an increase in the use of tires in the market has been observed in recent years. In 2018, a quantity of 92,629 tons of tires were entered that became out-of-use (NFU) tires after use (MINAM, 2023). There is a problem regarding the final disposal of the NFU, since the lack of infrastructure and control of local regulations, as well as the little action of those involved (producers, distributors and generators of NFU) has been generating the abandonment or burial, the burning, or use of the NFU as fuel, of being a serious danger for the environment. The Peruvian government, through the Ministry of the Environment - MINAM, issued in 2021 the legal regulations that promote the responsible management of NFU, which requires the actors (producers, distributors and generators of NFU) to integrate into an NFU management system supervised directly by the Ministry of the Environment, (Supreme Decree No. 024 -2021 – MINAM). NEXO NFU, seeks to interconnect the main NFU management actors (NFU producers, distributors and generators) through software that allows exact tire traceability, which contributes to the timely disposal when they become NFU, where the actors involved will feed and have the necessary information. The project is financially backed with a NPV of S/ 2`083,806 Soles and an IRR of 89.04%, it begins with an investment of S/ 472,662 Soles in the next five years, in which it is expected to serve 20% of the market. Likewise, the social NPV amounts to US$ 1`433,809 Dollars.
In Peru, an increase in the use of tires in the market has been observed in recent years. In 2018, a quantity of 92,629 tons of tires were entered that became out-of-use (NFU) tires after use (MINAM, 2023). There is a problem regarding the final disposal of the NFU, since the lack of infrastructure and control of local regulations, as well as the little action of those involved (producers, distributors and generators of NFU) has been generating the abandonment or burial, the burning, or use of the NFU as fuel, of being a serious danger for the environment. The Peruvian government, through the Ministry of the Environment - MINAM, issued in 2021 the legal regulations that promote the responsible management of NFU, which requires the actors (producers, distributors and generators of NFU) to integrate into an NFU management system supervised directly by the Ministry of the Environment, (Supreme Decree No. 024 -2021 – MINAM). NEXO NFU, seeks to interconnect the main NFU management actors (NFU producers, distributors and generators) through software that allows exact tire traceability, which contributes to the timely disposal when they become NFU, where the actors involved will feed and have the necessary information. The project is financially backed with a NPV of S/ 2`083,806 Soles and an IRR of 89.04%, it begins with an investment of S/ 472,662 Soles in the next five years, in which it is expected to serve 20% of the market. Likewise, the social NPV amounts to US$ 1`433,809 Dollars.
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Keywords
Desarrollo sostenible--Empresas--Perú, Industria del caucho--Reciclaje--Perú, Neumáticos--Aspectos ambientales
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