Crédito y crecimiento empresarial: caso de las microempresas textiles en Arequipa
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2020-10-20
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Las microempresas cumplen un rol fundamental en el dinamismo productivo de la economía peruana, siendo sus
principales limitaciones la poca capacidad productiva, la baja calificación de los microempresarios y de su mano
de obra, así como su limitado acceso al crédito. En Arequipa, estas unidades económicas son aún más importantes
en cuanto a su dinamismo económico regional. La motivación principal de este estudio es analizar el crecimiento
de las microempresas, a partir de sus propios determinantes. La presente investigación considera como hipótesis
central que, el crecimiento de las microempresas del sector textil de Arequipa, depende directa y positivamente
de: la capacidad productiva de las microempresas, del número de trabajadores; del nivel educativo y de la
capacitación de los microempresarios y de sus trabajadores; y del acceso al crédito. La verificación de esta
hipótesis se realiza en base a modelos econométricos de regresión lineal múltiple. A partir de los resultados, se
concluye que, los factores más significativos para explicar el crecimiento de las ventas en las microempresas
textiles son: el uso de la mano de obra, la inversión en activos fijos, el nivel educativo del microempresario, la
capacitación de los trabajadores de la microempresa y el acceso al crédito. Estos resultados también permiten
inferencias de políticas públicas orientadas a fortalecer el crecimiento sostenido de las microempresas en el país.
Micro-enterprises play a fundamental role in the productive dynamism of the Peruvian economy, its main limitations being the low productive capacity, the low qualification of microentrepreneurs and their workforce as well as their limited access to credit. In Arequipa, these economic units are even more important in terms of their regional economic dynamism. The main motivation of this study is to analyze the growth of micro firms based on their own determinants. The present investigation considers as a central hypothesis that the growth of microenterprises in the textile sector of Arequipa depends directly and positively on the productive capacity of microenterprises, the number of workers, the educational level and training of microentrepreneurs and their workers, and access to credit. The verification of this hypothesis is carried out upon multiple linear regression econometric models. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the most significant factors to explain the growth of sales in textile microenterprises are the following: the use of manpower, investment in fixed assets, the microentrepreneur's educational level, the training of microenterprise workers and access to credit. These results also allow inferences from public policies aimed at strengthening the sustained growth of microenterprises in the country.
Micro-enterprises play a fundamental role in the productive dynamism of the Peruvian economy, its main limitations being the low productive capacity, the low qualification of microentrepreneurs and their workforce as well as their limited access to credit. In Arequipa, these economic units are even more important in terms of their regional economic dynamism. The main motivation of this study is to analyze the growth of micro firms based on their own determinants. The present investigation considers as a central hypothesis that the growth of microenterprises in the textile sector of Arequipa depends directly and positively on the productive capacity of microenterprises, the number of workers, the educational level and training of microentrepreneurs and their workers, and access to credit. The verification of this hypothesis is carried out upon multiple linear regression econometric models. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the most significant factors to explain the growth of sales in textile microenterprises are the following: the use of manpower, investment in fixed assets, the microentrepreneur's educational level, the training of microenterprise workers and access to credit. These results also allow inferences from public policies aimed at strengthening the sustained growth of microenterprises in the country.
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Pequeñas y medianas empresas--Perú--Arequipa, Industria textil--Perú--Arequipa, Microfinanzas--Perú--Arequipa
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