Firms’ Innovation, Constrains and Productivity: the Case of Peru.
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2014
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía
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Basa en un modelo estándar modelo CDM (debido a Crepon, Duguet y Mairesse, 1998) y datos a nivel de firmas, este trabajo analiza la interacción entre actividades de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (STI) y la productividad laboral para el año 2004. También se estimaron los efectos de restricciones financieras, riesgos de la innovación y distorsiones en la estructura del mercado sobre las decisiones de actividades STI de las firmas. Las estimaciones indican que el tamaño de las firmas es un importante factor en las decisiones de las firmas en invertir en actividades STI. La participación de la firma en el marco fue otro factor determinante en la intensidad o el monto de inversión en dichas actividades. De otro lado, las restricciones financieras y los riesgos de la innovación afectaron negativamente a las decisiones y montos de inversión en actividades STI. Estos efectos, sin embargo varían de acuerdo al sector CIIU. No fueron claro los efectos de las prácticas anticompetitivas. Los resultados de la innovación (tales como nuevos productos, procesos, formas comerciales y organizaciones novedosas) fueron influenciados por la cooperación de firmas con otras entidades y la infraestructura para las actividades STI. Estos resultados no fueron importantes en influenciar las productividad laboral de las firmas aunque si lo fueron el ratio capital-trabajo y en menor medida el capital humano.
Based upon a standard Crepon, Duguet and Mairesse (1998), CDM, model and data at firms’ level, this paper analyzes the interrelationship between firms’ science, technology and innovation (STI) activities and their labor productivity in Peru for the year 2004. The effects of some constraints (i.e., investment innovation risks, market structure distortions and financial constraints) on firms’ decision and amount of investment on STI (or STI investment intensity) are also estimated. Subject to data limitations, the analysis suggests that firms’ size is an important factor in their decision to invest upon STI activities. In the same way, firms’ market share is a key factor in the determination of the level of investment on STI. On the other hand, investment risks and financial restriction seem to affect negatively to firms decision and amount of investment on STI respectively. However, their statistical effects vary among the six ISIC branches considered. The effects of market structure or anticompetitive practices were not clear in sign and statistical significance. Regarding the factors that foster innovation outputs or outcomes (such as new products, processes, commercial and organizational innovations) firms STI investment intensity, their degree of cooperation (collaboration) with other entities and the endowment of STI infrastructure are important factors that promote innovation outputs. Finally, although capital-labor ratio and human capital were determinants factors of firms’ labor productivity the effects of innovation outputs on labor productivity were not statistically significant or robust.
Based upon a standard Crepon, Duguet and Mairesse (1998), CDM, model and data at firms’ level, this paper analyzes the interrelationship between firms’ science, technology and innovation (STI) activities and their labor productivity in Peru for the year 2004. The effects of some constraints (i.e., investment innovation risks, market structure distortions and financial constraints) on firms’ decision and amount of investment on STI (or STI investment intensity) are also estimated. Subject to data limitations, the analysis suggests that firms’ size is an important factor in their decision to invest upon STI activities. In the same way, firms’ market share is a key factor in the determination of the level of investment on STI. On the other hand, investment risks and financial restriction seem to affect negatively to firms decision and amount of investment on STI respectively. However, their statistical effects vary among the six ISIC branches considered. The effects of market structure or anticompetitive practices were not clear in sign and statistical significance. Regarding the factors that foster innovation outputs or outcomes (such as new products, processes, commercial and organizational innovations) firms STI investment intensity, their degree of cooperation (collaboration) with other entities and the endowment of STI infrastructure are important factors that promote innovation outputs. Finally, although capital-labor ratio and human capital were determinants factors of firms’ labor productivity the effects of innovation outputs on labor productivity were not statistically significant or robust.
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Innovaciones tecnológicas--Perú, Empresas--Innovaciones tecnológicas
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