Plan estratégico del sector de generación de energía eléctrica peruano con enfoque de economía circular
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2019-05-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente tesis propone un Planeamiento Estratégico Agregado para el Sector de
Generación de Energía Eléctrica Peruano en un entorno de economía circular, que buscará
lograr el aprovechamiento de las fuentes renovables (hídrica, solar, eólica, geotérmica y
biomasa); siendo, para el 2025, la composición de la matriz energética de 70% en lo que
respecta a las fuentes renovables.
El presente plan estratégico fue elaborado en función del Modelo Secuencial del
Proceso Estratégico, propuesto por D’Alessio (2012). Dicho proceso estratégico está
conformado por actividades que se realizan de manera secuencial, con el objetivo de que la
organización pueda proyectarse al futuro y alcanzar la visión definida; asimismo estas
actividades se agrupan en tres etapas: (a) formulación, (b) implementación y (c) evaluación y
control; adicionalmente, existe una etapa final que presenta las conclusiones y
recomendaciones.
La principal oportunidad detectada que debería aprovechar el sector es el gran
potencial de crecimiento, al contar con recursos naturales como fuentes de generación de
energía renovable sin explotar, y a esto se suma el crecimiento de los diversos sectores
económicos que demandan mayor uso energía. Como principal amenaza que enfrentaría el
sector se encuentra la posibilidad de que la desaceleración económica del país impacte en su
crecimiento, por su relación directa con el PBI. Por otro lado, la estabilidad y eficiencia
financiera del sector es su principal fortaleza; y la concentración geográfica de centrales de
generación, se muestra como una de sus debilidades. Finalmente, una de las estrategias
principales planteadas consistirá en la diversificación de fuentes de generación y la
descentralización de la ubicación de las mismas.
The Sector of Peruvian Power Generation produces one the fundamental services for the productive, economic and social development of the country. This sector is responsible for generating enough energy to cover the demand of electrification, reaching safely, effectively, with quality and with competitive prices to every Peruvian. This is how the sector must grow, hand in hand with the economy of the country. In Peru, the Sector of Peruvian Power Generation has a regulatory framework that promotes the competition, the investment and the use of natural resources as a source of generation. Currently, the composition of the energetic matrix of Peruvian electricity is divided mainly in hydric and thermal sources, nevertheless, Peru counts with great potential for the generation of renewable electric power which has not been leveraged despite of counting with the incentive of the regulatory framework mentioned above. The present thesis proposes an Aggregated Strategic Planning for the Sector of Peruvian Power Generation in an environment of circular economy, which will pursue to achieve the leveraging of the renewable sources (hydric, solar, wind, geothermal and biomass), being for 2015, the composition of the energetic matrix of 70% respect to the renewable sources. Working together with the government, the economic integration with the industrial sectors, state-of-the-art technology, highly qualify personnel, social responsibility will be the tools to work on to achieve the change. After being implemented, the sector will be more profitable and competitive, aiming to be nationally and internationally recognized.
The Sector of Peruvian Power Generation produces one the fundamental services for the productive, economic and social development of the country. This sector is responsible for generating enough energy to cover the demand of electrification, reaching safely, effectively, with quality and with competitive prices to every Peruvian. This is how the sector must grow, hand in hand with the economy of the country. In Peru, the Sector of Peruvian Power Generation has a regulatory framework that promotes the competition, the investment and the use of natural resources as a source of generation. Currently, the composition of the energetic matrix of Peruvian electricity is divided mainly in hydric and thermal sources, nevertheless, Peru counts with great potential for the generation of renewable electric power which has not been leveraged despite of counting with the incentive of the regulatory framework mentioned above. The present thesis proposes an Aggregated Strategic Planning for the Sector of Peruvian Power Generation in an environment of circular economy, which will pursue to achieve the leveraging of the renewable sources (hydric, solar, wind, geothermal and biomass), being for 2015, the composition of the energetic matrix of 70% respect to the renewable sources. Working together with the government, the economic integration with the industrial sectors, state-of-the-art technology, highly qualify personnel, social responsibility will be the tools to work on to achieve the change. After being implemented, the sector will be more profitable and competitive, aiming to be nationally and internationally recognized.
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Economía ambiental, Energía eléctrica--Perú, Planificación estratégica
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