Modelo prolab: SR2M maquinaria para minería subterránea utilizando economía circular
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2023-05-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Durante los últimos años el Perú ha sido considerado uno de los principales países
mineros debido al suelo rico que posee y la posibilidad de yacimientos para su explotación.
El análisis de esta industria permitió identificar unos de los problemas sociales más
relevantes, la seguridad de los trabajadores mineros, quienes constantemente están expuestos
a accidentes de trabajo e incluso decesos. Esta problemática requiere de vías de soluciones
innovadoras. Es por ello que, debido a los beneficios de la economía circular, y a la
reutilización responsable de los recursos y residuos cercanos, se determinó una solución
sostenible y viable para reducir esta problemática: el diseño de vehículos y maquinarias que
se puedan reutilizar y busquen la protección del trabajador minero; es decir, reduciendo su
exposición a accidentes laborales, protegiendo el medioambiente mediante el consumo
reducido de fuentes naturales y la disminución en la generación de nuevos desperdicios
durante la producción de maquinaria.
De allí que, a través de la metodología del Desing Thinking se buscará enfrentar y
solucionar los retos y problemas que surgen dentro de las operaciones de las diferentes
empresas mineras con base en la creatividad y el trabajo en equipo. De esta manera, se busca
coincidir con las expectativas del usuario, verificando esta conexión mediante la aplicación
de encuestas y entrevistas que permitirán conocer la realidad que se vive dentro de la mina y
así construir una propuesta que cuente con un valor innovador en la implementación de
equipos de limpieza y el acarreo para la pequeña y mediana minería; a través del alquiler de
equipos mineros de limpieza y acarreo obtenidos de la transformación de equipos en desuso.
Este modelo de negocio fue validado por su deseabilidad, factibilidad y viabilidad
financiera. Por el lado de la deseabilidad, se realizaron 100 encuestas con los potenciales
clientes, las cuales se obtuvo un 85% de aceptabilidad de los productos por ofrecer. En el
caso de la factibilidad, se evaluó el plan de marketing y operaciones con 5,000 corridas de Arena Rockwell Software, cuya eficiencia fue del 73% y por la viabilidad financiera, se
efectuó el mismo procedimiento al VAN de USD 612,286.93 con una tasa de descuento
WACC del 17.59%, con una TIR fue del 90.87% dado a la exponencialidad del flujo de caja.
Asimismo, por el lado social, se determinó un VANS de USD 2,239,851.03.
During the last years, Peru has been considered one of the main mining countries due to its rich soil and the possibility of deposits for its exploitation. The analysis of this scenario made it possible to identify the relevant social problem, the safety of mining workers, who are constantly exposed to work accidents and even deaths. This problem requires innovative solutions. That is why, thanks to the benefits of the circular economy, and the responsible reuse of nearby resources and waste, a sustainable and viable solution was determined to reduce this problem, the design of vehicles and machinery that are in disuse that seek the protection of the mining worker by reducing their exposure to occupational accidents, also protecting the environment through the reduced consumption of natural sources and the reduction in the generation of new waste during the production of machinery. Through the design thinking methodology, we will seek to face and solve the challenges and problems that arise within the operations of the different mining companies based on creativity and teamwork. In this way, it seeks to match the expectations of the user, verifying this connection through the application of surveys and unstructured interviews that will allow us to know the reality that exists within the mine and thus build a proposal that has a determined innovative value in the implementation. of cleaning and hauling equipment for small and medium-sized mining, through the rental of mining cleaning and hauling equipment obtained from the transformation of disused equipment. Business model that was validated for its desirability, feasibility, and financial viability. On the desirability side, 100 surveys were conducted with potential customers, which obtained 85% acceptability of the products to be offered. In the case of feasibility, the marketing and operations plan was evaluated with 5,000 runs of Arena Rockwell Software, whose efficiency was 73% and for financial viability, the same procedure was carried out at the NPV of USD 612,286.93 with a discount rate of 17.59%, with an IRR of 90.87% due to the exponentiality of the cash flow. On the social side, a VANS of USD 2,239,851.03 was determined.
During the last years, Peru has been considered one of the main mining countries due to its rich soil and the possibility of deposits for its exploitation. The analysis of this scenario made it possible to identify the relevant social problem, the safety of mining workers, who are constantly exposed to work accidents and even deaths. This problem requires innovative solutions. That is why, thanks to the benefits of the circular economy, and the responsible reuse of nearby resources and waste, a sustainable and viable solution was determined to reduce this problem, the design of vehicles and machinery that are in disuse that seek the protection of the mining worker by reducing their exposure to occupational accidents, also protecting the environment through the reduced consumption of natural sources and the reduction in the generation of new waste during the production of machinery. Through the design thinking methodology, we will seek to face and solve the challenges and problems that arise within the operations of the different mining companies based on creativity and teamwork. In this way, it seeks to match the expectations of the user, verifying this connection through the application of surveys and unstructured interviews that will allow us to know the reality that exists within the mine and thus build a proposal that has a determined innovative value in the implementation. of cleaning and hauling equipment for small and medium-sized mining, through the rental of mining cleaning and hauling equipment obtained from the transformation of disused equipment. Business model that was validated for its desirability, feasibility, and financial viability. On the desirability side, 100 surveys were conducted with potential customers, which obtained 85% acceptability of the products to be offered. In the case of feasibility, the marketing and operations plan was evaluated with 5,000 runs of Arena Rockwell Software, whose efficiency was 73% and for financial viability, the same procedure was carried out at the NPV of USD 612,286.93 with a discount rate of 17.59%, with an IRR of 90.87% due to the exponentiality of the cash flow. On the social side, a VANS of USD 2,239,851.03 was determined.
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Palabras clave
Negocios--Planificación, Economía ambiental, Industria minera--Perú, Maquinaria--Mantenimiento y reparación, Innovaciones tecnológicas
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