Estrategias docentes para el desarrollo de la Identidad Cultural en un contexto Intercultural Bilingüe con niños y niñas de 4 y 5 años en una Institución Educativa particular del distrito de La Molina
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Date
2020-07-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El desarrollo de la Identidad Cultural en la Primera Infancia es primordial para que un
niño o niña crezca integralmente. Por ende, recae una gran responsabilidad sobre la
labor docente, pues es en la escuela donde convergen diversas culturas en el día a
día y los niños están expuestos a interacciones con sus pares, que traen consigo
diferentes bagajes culturales. De este modo, cada maestro cuenta con la
responsabilidad de conocer las características de su contexto y lo que implica trabajar
bajo un enfoque intercultural, con el fin de planificar, adaptar y aplicar estrategias que
promuevan el desarrollo de la Identidad Cultural en los niños y las niñas, ya que es
donde se inicia la construcción de su identidad y también sus interacciones sociales
de manera más activa, observando y conociendo lo que se presenta a su alrededor,
vinculando nuevas experiencias con conocimientos previos. Según lo planteado en
la Teoría Socio constructivista de Piaget y en la teoría de la Zona de Desarrollo
Próximo de Vygotsky, el niño y la niña son los agentes centrales de la construcción
de sus conocimientos y que “a más experiencias, mayores aprendizajes”, y además,
enriquecen sus conocimientos a través de interacciones con otras personas, tanto de
su edad como de un adulto mediador. La presente investigación empírica busca
analizar, identificar y describir los conceptos de Identidad Cultural y las estrategias
aplicadas por las maestras de un aula de 4 y 5 años con el fin de promover el
desarrollo integral de la identidad cultural en un contexto intercultural bilingüe.
The development of Cultural Identity in Early Childhood is essential for a boy or girl to grow integrally. Since it is in the school where diverse cultures converge in the day to day and children are exposed to interactions with their peers, who bring with them different cultural baggage, each teacher has the responsibility of being aware of their context’s characteristics and what implies to work with an Intercultural Education Curriculum, in order to plan, adapt and apply strategies to promote the development of Cultural Identity in children, since it is where the construction of their identity and also their social interactions begins in a more active way, observing and learning from what is around them, linking new experiences with previous knowledge. According to what is stated in Piaget's Socio-constructivist Theory and in Vygotsky's Proximal Development Zone theory, children are the central agents of the construction of their knowledge and that “the more experiences, the more learning”, and that they enrich their knowledge through interactions with other people, both their age and an adult mediator. This empirical research seeks to analyse, identify and describe the concepts of Cultural Identity and the strategies applied by the teachers of a Pre Kinder classroom in order to promote the integral development of cultural identity in a bilingual intercultural context.
The development of Cultural Identity in Early Childhood is essential for a boy or girl to grow integrally. Since it is in the school where diverse cultures converge in the day to day and children are exposed to interactions with their peers, who bring with them different cultural baggage, each teacher has the responsibility of being aware of their context’s characteristics and what implies to work with an Intercultural Education Curriculum, in order to plan, adapt and apply strategies to promote the development of Cultural Identity in children, since it is where the construction of their identity and also their social interactions begins in a more active way, observing and learning from what is around them, linking new experiences with previous knowledge. According to what is stated in Piaget's Socio-constructivist Theory and in Vygotsky's Proximal Development Zone theory, children are the central agents of the construction of their knowledge and that “the more experiences, the more learning”, and that they enrich their knowledge through interactions with other people, both their age and an adult mediator. This empirical research seeks to analyse, identify and describe the concepts of Cultural Identity and the strategies applied by the teachers of a Pre Kinder classroom in order to promote the integral development of cultural identity in a bilingual intercultural context.
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Educación intercultural, Interculturalidad, Identidad cultural, Socialización en niños, Personal docente
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