La autodeterminación terapéutica en la relación de trabajo
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2023-05-23
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Este trabajo aproxima al lector sobre el marco jurídico que regula el ejercicio
de la autodeterminación terapéutica en el ámbito de las relaciones individuales de trabajo
dentro del particular contexto del Estado de Emergencia Nacional y Emergencia Sanitaria
causado por la propagación de la Covid-19 en el Perú. A la luz de los instrumentos
internacionales de derechos humanos, las normas constitucionales y legales vigentes, esta
investigación define a la autodeterminación terapéutica como el derecho a decidir
someterse o no de forma libre, informada e inmotivada a un acto o tratamiento médico.
Con este preámbulo, se establecen los derechos y obligaciones que se atribuyen a los
trabajadores y empleadores a fin de garantizar su ejercicio irrestricto en el ámbito laboral
sin perder de vista las consecuencias jurídicas que su ejercicio genera sobre la protección
de la salud colectiva en el centro de trabajo. En esa línea, se analiza la constitucionalidad
de las restricciones a la autodeterminación terapéutica, entre otros a propósito de la
vacunación como requisito al ejercicio de derechos laborales, con miras a la protección
de la salud colectiva como bien jurídico de mayor trascendencia en el contexto de una
emergencia sanitaria. De esta forma, se sugieren criterios de referencia que asistan a
trabajadores, empleadores y sus organizaciones a fin de establecer soluciones justas en el
ámbito laboral, sea a través de medidas de promoción o restricción a este derecho.
This article introduces the reader to the legal framework that regulates the exercise of therapeutic self-determination in the context of individual labor relations due to the State of National Emergency and Health Emergency caused by the spread of Covid- 19 in Peru. Considering the international human rights provisions, constitutional and legal regulations in force, this investigation has defined therapeutic self-determination as the right to decide whether or not to undergo a medical act or treatment in a free, informed and unmotivated manner. Based on this preamble, the rights and obligations assigned to workers and employers are established in order to guarantee its unrestricted exercise in the workplace taking into account legal consequences that its exercise generates on the protection of collective health in the workplace. In this regard, the constitutionality of the restrictions to therapeutic self-determination is analyzed, among others, regarding to vaccination as a requirement for the exercise of labor rights, in order to protect collective health as a legal right of greater importance in the context of a health emergency. Thus, reference criteria are suggested to assist workers, employers and their organizations in order to establish fair solutions in the labor area, whether through measures to promote or restrict this right.
This article introduces the reader to the legal framework that regulates the exercise of therapeutic self-determination in the context of individual labor relations due to the State of National Emergency and Health Emergency caused by the spread of Covid- 19 in Peru. Considering the international human rights provisions, constitutional and legal regulations in force, this investigation has defined therapeutic self-determination as the right to decide whether or not to undergo a medical act or treatment in a free, informed and unmotivated manner. Based on this preamble, the rights and obligations assigned to workers and employers are established in order to guarantee its unrestricted exercise in the workplace taking into account legal consequences that its exercise generates on the protection of collective health in the workplace. In this regard, the constitutionality of the restrictions to therapeutic self-determination is analyzed, among others, regarding to vaccination as a requirement for the exercise of labor rights, in order to protect collective health as a legal right of greater importance in the context of a health emergency. Thus, reference criteria are suggested to assist workers, employers and their organizations in order to establish fair solutions in the labor area, whether through measures to promote or restrict this right.
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COVID-19 (Enfermedad)--Perú, Vacunación, Derecho laboral, Derechos fundamentales, Salud pública
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