Aportes psicoanalíticos al diálogo interdisciplinario con la educación
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2012-12-21
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Existe un vínculo entre psicoanálisis y educación que trasciende las diferencias teóricas y metodológicas. Este vínculo se origina en el interés de Freud por la infancia y la adolescencia que lo llevó a observar el impacto de la escuela en la construcción de la psique humana y su lugar en la dimensión cultural. Por otro lado, desde diversos campos del conocimiento e incluso desde la pedagogía misma se ha planteado la necesidad de reconocer que la educación actual se encuentra en crisis. Es precisamente a partir de esta crisis que toda reflexión en torno a la educación se hace no sólo pertinente sino también necesaria.
En este sentido, la particularidad del aporte psicoanalítico se sostiene en la incorporación de los fenómenos inconscientes en la escena socioeducativa. Con ello el psicoanálisis desplaza el foco de interés hacia la subjetividad, diferenciándose de los enfoques modernos de la educación los cuales priorizaban la pedagogía científica. A nivel sociocultural, el psicoanálisis propuso entender a las escuelas como el espacio de vinculación del sujeto con la cultura, describiendo naturales resistencia al proceso de socialización.
Finalmente se establecen algunos parámetros necesarios para establecer un verdadero diálogo interdisciplinario y se enfatiza que éste tipo de encuentros con otras ciencias y disciplinas, tienen un lugar fundamental en la construcción de la teoría psicoanalítica.
Palabras claves: psicoanálisis, educación, cultura, postmodernidad, función docente.
There is a link between psychoanalysis and education that transcends the theoretical and methodological differences. This link stems from Freud's interest in childhood and adolescence that led him to observe the impact in the school building of the human psyche and its place in the cultural dimension. On the other hand, from various fields of knowledge and even from pedagogy itself the need to recognize that education today is in crisis has raised. It is precisely from this crisis than any reflection on education is not only relevant but also necessary. In this sense, the special contribution of the psychoanalytic approach is held in the incorporation of unconscious phenomena in the social-educational scene. This psychoanalysis shifts the focus of interest into subjectivity, as distinct from modern approaches to education which prioritized scientific pedagogy. At a socio-cultural level, psychoanalisys is proposed as a means to understand schools as a space which links the subject with culture, describing the natural resistance to the process of socialization. Finally, some necessary parameters are set to establish a truly interdisciplinary dialogue and we emphasize that this type of encounters with other sciences and disciplines, have a central place in psychoanalytic theory building
There is a link between psychoanalysis and education that transcends the theoretical and methodological differences. This link stems from Freud's interest in childhood and adolescence that led him to observe the impact in the school building of the human psyche and its place in the cultural dimension. On the other hand, from various fields of knowledge and even from pedagogy itself the need to recognize that education today is in crisis has raised. It is precisely from this crisis than any reflection on education is not only relevant but also necessary. In this sense, the special contribution of the psychoanalytic approach is held in the incorporation of unconscious phenomena in the social-educational scene. This psychoanalysis shifts the focus of interest into subjectivity, as distinct from modern approaches to education which prioritized scientific pedagogy. At a socio-cultural level, psychoanalisys is proposed as a means to understand schools as a space which links the subject with culture, describing the natural resistance to the process of socialization. Finally, some necessary parameters are set to establish a truly interdisciplinary dialogue and we emphasize that this type of encounters with other sciences and disciplines, have a central place in psychoanalytic theory building
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Psicoanálisis, Educación, Cultura, Postmodernidad
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