Transparencia corporativa en el sector de consumo masivo de alimentos y bebidas
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Date
2019-01-11
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como principal objetivo medir el grado de
transparencia corporativa en una muestra de empresas del sector de consumo masivo de
alimentos y bebidas del Perú. Para ello, se plantearon como objetivos específicos, el
seleccionar el modelo que mejor se adecúe a las necesidades del sector; adaptar el modelo
seleccionado añadiendo una dimensión que permita medir la transparencia corporativa en el
sector, así como con entrevistas a expertos y consumidores y obtener datos de las empresas
de las muestras para medir la transparencia corporativa en el sector escogido.
La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo, con un diseño
no experimental transversal, que considere fuentes primarias y secundarias. Asimismo, se
tomó como población a todas las empresas privadas del sector de consumo masivo de
alimentos que se encontraban operando al año 2016, para luego de ello, considerar como
muestra por conveniencia, a las cinco empresas de consumo masivo de alimentos de mayor
facturación.
De los resultados obtenidos, se concluyó que las empresas que se encuentran en una
etapa avanzada de transparencia corporativa son Alicorp y Backus; seguidas de las empresas
Leche Gloria y Lindley que se encuentran en una etapa intermedia y Nestlé, que se encuentra
en una etapa básica. Por otro lado, se identificó que el modelo de Índice de transparencia
corporativa en Internet (e-ITC) de España fue el modelo más completo por presentar
elementos que responden a las necesidades de la mayor parte de los grupos de interés. De esa
manera, la herramienta propuesta fue útil para medir el grado de transparencia corporativa de
cada una de estas empresas; no obstante, a partir de las entrevistas y encuestas, se propuso
una dimensión adicional enfocada al consumidor.
The main purpose of this research is to measure the degree of compliance with corporate transparency (TC) in a sample of companies in the mass consumption sector of food and beverages in Peru. To do this, we set out as specific objectives; selecting the model that best suits the needs of the sector, adapt the selected model by adding a dimension that allows measuring corporate transparency in the sector, as well as interviews with experts and consumers and obtaining data from the companies in the samples to measure the corporate transparency in the selected sector. The research was developed under a descriptive quantitative approach, with a transversal non-experimental design, which considers primary and secondary sources. Likewise, it took as a population all the private companies of the sector of mass consumption of food that were operating in 2016, and after that, consider as a sample for convenience, the five companies of mass consumption of higher billing. From the results, it was concluded that the companies that are in an advanced stage of corporate transparency are Álicorp and Backus, being Leche Gloria and Lindley those that are in an intermediate stage and Nestlé, which is in a basic. On the other hand, it was identified that the model of Corporate Transparency Index on the Internet (e-ITC) of Spain was the most complete model for presenting elements that respond to the needs of most of the interest groups. In this way, the proposed tool was useful to measure the degree of transparency compliance of each of these companies; nevertheless, from the interviews and surveys, an additional dimension was proposed, focused on the final consumer.
The main purpose of this research is to measure the degree of compliance with corporate transparency (TC) in a sample of companies in the mass consumption sector of food and beverages in Peru. To do this, we set out as specific objectives; selecting the model that best suits the needs of the sector, adapt the selected model by adding a dimension that allows measuring corporate transparency in the sector, as well as interviews with experts and consumers and obtaining data from the companies in the samples to measure the corporate transparency in the selected sector. The research was developed under a descriptive quantitative approach, with a transversal non-experimental design, which considers primary and secondary sources. Likewise, it took as a population all the private companies of the sector of mass consumption of food that were operating in 2016, and after that, consider as a sample for convenience, the five companies of mass consumption of higher billing. From the results, it was concluded that the companies that are in an advanced stage of corporate transparency are Álicorp and Backus, being Leche Gloria and Lindley those that are in an intermediate stage and Nestlé, which is in a basic. On the other hand, it was identified that the model of Corporate Transparency Index on the Internet (e-ITC) of Spain was the most complete model for presenting elements that respond to the needs of most of the interest groups. In this way, the proposed tool was useful to measure the degree of transparency compliance of each of these companies; nevertheless, from the interviews and surveys, an additional dimension was proposed, focused on the final consumer.
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Keywords
Transparencia corporativa--Perú, Sector de alimentos y bebidas--Perú, Investigación cuantitativa
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