Afrontamiento, sintomatología de estrés y crecimiento postraumático en población adulta durante el período Covid-19
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Date
2024-02-23
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El contexto de pandemia por la COVID-19 ha sido un evento altamente estresante que
ha impactado negativamente a buena parte de la población peruana; por ello es importante
incrementar el conocimiento de este evento potencialmente traumático. La presente
investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar la relación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento,
la sintomatología de estrés postraumático (TEPT) y el crecimiento postraumático (CPT) en 116
adultos residentes en el Perú durante la COVID-19, con edades entre los 18 y 60 años de edad
(M= 31.71; DE= 12.15). Se utilizó el Inventario de Estimación de Afrontamiento COPE
(Carver et al., 1989), la Escala del Impacto del Estresor - Revisada (Weiss & Marmar, 1997),
y la Escala de Crecimiento Postraumático (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996). Acorde al objetivo
general, se encontró una asociación directa entre las estrategias caracterizadas por la evitación
y el TEPT, mientras que las respuestas dirigidas a enfrentar el estresor se vincularon al CPT.
Se realizaron análisis de regresión para el TEPT encontrando el rol predictivo de las estrategias
de enfocar y liberar emociones, negación y desentendimiento mental (R² =.34, p< .001). Por
último, se evidenciaron diferencias según ciertas variables sociodemográficas (sexo, edad,
estado civil) y otras relacionadas a la COVID-19. Se discuten los hallazgos, así como las
limitaciones del estudio y futuras líneas a seguir.
The COVID-19 pandemic had been a highly stressful event that has negatively impacted peruvian population. For this reason, it’s important to increase the knowledge of this traumatic event. This research aimed to analyze the association between coping strategies, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in 116 adults from 18 to 60 years (M= 31.71; DE=12.15) that reside in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COPE Inventory (Carver et al., 1989), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) (Weiss & Marmar, 1997) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) were used for the measurement. According to the general objective, results show a direct association between avoidant strategies and PTSD, whereas responses oriented to confront the event were linked to PTG. Furthermore, regression analyses were performed finding the predictive role of coping strategies of focus and release emotions, denial and mental disengagement in PTSD (R² =.34, p< .001). Finally, differences were found according to certain sociodemographic variables (sex, age, marital status) and others related to COVID-19. The possible explanations of these findings are discussed, as well as the limitations of the study and future lines to be followed.
The COVID-19 pandemic had been a highly stressful event that has negatively impacted peruvian population. For this reason, it’s important to increase the knowledge of this traumatic event. This research aimed to analyze the association between coping strategies, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in 116 adults from 18 to 60 years (M= 31.71; DE=12.15) that reside in Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COPE Inventory (Carver et al., 1989), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) (Weiss & Marmar, 1997) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) were used for the measurement. According to the general objective, results show a direct association between avoidant strategies and PTSD, whereas responses oriented to confront the event were linked to PTG. Furthermore, regression analyses were performed finding the predictive role of coping strategies of focus and release emotions, denial and mental disengagement in PTSD (R² =.34, p< .001). Finally, differences were found according to certain sociodemographic variables (sex, age, marital status) and others related to COVID-19. The possible explanations of these findings are discussed, as well as the limitations of the study and future lines to be followed.
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COVID-19 (Enfermedad), Stress (Psicología), Adultos--Aspectos psicológicos
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