Retos de transición de la secundaria a la universidad en adultos emergentes
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2021-08-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En la actualidad, el acceso a la educación superior viene aumentando de manera amplia, aún
más respecto al nivel universitario. Los estudiantes que acceden a dicha formación enfrentan
tanto un proceso de transición educativa, de la secundaria a la universidad, como evolutiva, de
la adolescencia a la adultez emergente. Por ello, el presente estudio planteó como objetivo
comprender los retos que surgen en dicha transición desde la perspectiva de los propios
alumnos. Para ello, se empleó un diseño cualitativo en un marco epistemológico realista,
mediante la aplicación de fichas sociodemográficas y entrevistas semi-estructuradas a ocho
universitarios de primer ciclo, ocho universitarios de tercer ciclo y tres escolares de último año
de secundaria para comprender el proceso en distintos momentos de la transición. Los
resultados apuntan a la existencia de siete retos que involucran tanto a la transición educativa
como a la transición evolutiva, y cuyo logro es favorecido u obstaculizado por factores
personales, del entorno, del sistema educativo, de la universidad y de sus unidades académicas.
La transición es observada por los estudiantes tanto como una oportunidad como un problema,
que finalmente los orienta a una transformación personal. Adicionalmente, el estudio ha
permitido comprobar la vivencia de las características esenciales de la adultez emergente y
nuevas concepciones sobre la adultez en universitarios peruanos.
Nowadays, access to higher education has been increasing widely, even more at the university level. Students who access this education face both an educational transition process, from high school to university, as well as a development transition process, from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Therefore, the present study set the objective of understanding the challenges that arise in said transition from the perspective of the students themselves. For which, a qualitative design was used in a realistic epistemological framework, through the application of sociodemographic forms and semi-structured interviews to eight university students on their first semester, eight university students on their third semester and three high school seniors to understand the process in different moments of the transition. The results point to the existence of seven challenges that involve both the educational transition and the development transition, and whose accomplishment is favored or hampered by personal factors, environmental factors, factors of the educational system, and factors of the university and its academic units. This transition is viewed by students both as an opportunity and as a problem, which eventually guides them to personal transformation. Additionally, the study has allowed to verify the experience of the essential features of emerging adulthood and new conceptions about adulthood in Peruvian university students.
Nowadays, access to higher education has been increasing widely, even more at the university level. Students who access this education face both an educational transition process, from high school to university, as well as a development transition process, from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Therefore, the present study set the objective of understanding the challenges that arise in said transition from the perspective of the students themselves. For which, a qualitative design was used in a realistic epistemological framework, through the application of sociodemographic forms and semi-structured interviews to eight university students on their first semester, eight university students on their third semester and three high school seniors to understand the process in different moments of the transition. The results point to the existence of seven challenges that involve both the educational transition and the development transition, and whose accomplishment is favored or hampered by personal factors, environmental factors, factors of the educational system, and factors of the university and its academic units. This transition is viewed by students both as an opportunity and as a problem, which eventually guides them to personal transformation. Additionally, the study has allowed to verify the experience of the essential features of emerging adulthood and new conceptions about adulthood in Peruvian university students.
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Psicopedagogía, Educación superior--Investigaciones, Adaptación (Psicología) en adolescentes
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