Diseño Instruccional y Aplicación de una Intervención Virtual Preventiva de la Violencia en el Noviazgo en Estudiantes Universitarios de Lima, Perú
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2022-02-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Al menos un tercio del estudiantado universitario ha experimentado o perpetrado violencia en
una relación de noviazgo (Vara-Horna & López Hodar, 2018), lo cual atenta contra el
bienestar psicológico y aumenta el riesgo de repetir las dinámicas en relaciones posteriores
(De la Villa, García, Cuetos & Sirvent, 2017). A nivel mundial, se han planteado
intervenciones de prevención; sin embargo, aún son escasas en contexto Latinoamericano. En
la presente investigación se diseñó una intervención virtual para prevenir la violencia en el
noviazgo y se exploró la relación con las actitudes favorables hacia ella. Los objetivos del
estudio consistieron en comparar las actitudes favorables hacia la violencia en el noviazgo
antes y después de la intervención de manera general y segmentados por tipo de violencia.
Además, se exploró la relación entre la intervención, las actitudes favorables hacia la
violencia en el noviazgo y las características de los participantes. Para tales fines, se aplicó el
Cuestionario de Violencia entre Novios a 119 estudiantes de una universidad privada de
Lima. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa de las actitudes favorables hacia
la violencia en el noviazgo, así como hacia los subtipos de violencia sexual, por coerción, de
género, por castigo emocional e instrumental. Al segmentar por características, las diferencias
se mantuvieron para los grupos de mujeres y LGTBIQ+. En conjunto, los hallazgos sugieren
las potencialidades de la intervención virtual para reducir las actitudes favorables hacia la
violencia en el noviazgo, especialmente derivadas del uso de modelos de diseño
instruccional.
At least one third of university students have experienced or perpetrated dating violence (Vara-Horna & López Hodar, 2018), which threatens psychological well-being and increases the risk of repeating the dynamics in subsequent relationships (De la Villa, García, Cuetos & Sirvent, 2017). Worldwide, preventive interventions have been proposed. However,they are still scarce in Latin American context. In this study, we designed an online intervention to prevent dating violence and explored the relationship with favorable attitudes towards it. The objectives of the study consisted of comparing favorable attitudes towards dating violence before and after the intervention in a general way and segmented by type of violence. In addition, we explored the relationship between the intervention, favorable attitudes towards dating violence, and the characteristics of the participants. We applied the Dating Violence Questionnaire to 119 students from a private university in Lima. The results showed a significant reduction in favorable attitudes towards dating violence, as well as towards the subtypes of sexual violence, by coercion, gender, by emotional and instrumental punishment. When segmenting by characteristics, such differences were maintained for the groups of women and LGTBIQ+. Together, the findings suggest the potential of the online intervention to reduce favorable attitudes towards dating violence, especially derived from the use of instructional design models.
At least one third of university students have experienced or perpetrated dating violence (Vara-Horna & López Hodar, 2018), which threatens psychological well-being and increases the risk of repeating the dynamics in subsequent relationships (De la Villa, García, Cuetos & Sirvent, 2017). Worldwide, preventive interventions have been proposed. However,they are still scarce in Latin American context. In this study, we designed an online intervention to prevent dating violence and explored the relationship with favorable attitudes towards it. The objectives of the study consisted of comparing favorable attitudes towards dating violence before and after the intervention in a general way and segmented by type of violence. In addition, we explored the relationship between the intervention, favorable attitudes towards dating violence, and the characteristics of the participants. We applied the Dating Violence Questionnaire to 119 students from a private university in Lima. The results showed a significant reduction in favorable attitudes towards dating violence, as well as towards the subtypes of sexual violence, by coercion, gender, by emotional and instrumental punishment. When segmenting by characteristics, such differences were maintained for the groups of women and LGTBIQ+. Together, the findings suggest the potential of the online intervention to reduce favorable attitudes towards dating violence, especially derived from the use of instructional design models.
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Tecnología educativa, Educación sexual para jóvenes, Estudiantes universitarios--Investigaciones, Relaciones de pareja
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