“Es mejor si eres tomboy” : construcción de identidad de género en la performance de las practicantes de covers del k-pop limeño
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2019-02-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación es sobre las covers tomboy de K-pop. El K-pop es la música popular de Corea del Sur y los covers de K-pop son agrupaciones de mujeres y hombres jóvenes, entre un promedio de 14 y 25 años, los cuales realizan la performance de un grupo de K-pop. Dentro de los covers existen categorías, los tres grupos con los que he trabajado están en la categoría tomboy, este estilo es asociado frecuentemente con el lesbianismo, porque al realizar la performance de un grupo de K- pop masculino incluyen las integrantes (todas mujeres) aspectos masculinos dentro y fuera de la puesta en escena. Asimismo, he podido apreciar su proceso de formación, selección, prácticas y como las redes sociales, en especial el Facebook, son una plataforma de información y comunicación importante para la construcción y difusión de un grupo cover. El objetivo de los grupos covers son realizar una performance hacia un público, sin tener como límite solo su tribu urbana, ya que los eventos donde pueden participar están abiertos a un público general. Para realizar estas presentaciones cada grupo práctica semanalmente buscando una performance muy similar al idol coreano (baile y visualidad). Basándome en estas performances es donde estudio una serie de procesos que trabaja el cuerpo como construcción de identidad de género en las integrantes de estos grupos, Diana Taylor llama a estas performances: “actos vitales de transferencia, transmitiendo saber social, memoria y sentido de identidad a través de acciones reiteradas, o lo que Richard Schechner llama “conducta restaurada”. (…) Estas prácticas implican comportamientos
predeterminados que cuentan con reglas o normas; el romper las normas es la
norma del arte del performance”1. Los tres grupos con lo que trabajo realizan covers de grupos masculinos de K-pop, por lo cual sus performances las ha llevado a romper una serie de reglas sociales, como las de género, llevando en ellas una construcción de su visualidad y su accionar diferente al del constructo social, generando el estilo tomboy, estilo aceptado dentro de su tribu pero no tan fácilmente en el resto de la sociedad; siendo éste un tema no muy tratado dentro de los estudios de género, por eso la justificación de la investigación es generar espacios para entender las identidades que son alternativas a las categorías heterosexuales sobre todo en los eventos de cultura popular. Uno de los cambios más representativos de esta identidad tomboy es el corte de cabello es el punto de quiebre y el elemento más representativo del género femenino, tanto para ellas como para los otros que las rodean, significó el primer enfrentamiento a lo abyecto, pero un factor determinante en la construcción de su identidad
This research is about the tomboy covers of K-pop. K-pop is the popular music of South Korea and the K-pop covers are groups of young women and men, between an average of 14 and 25 years old, which make performances of a K-pop group. In the covers there are categories, the three groups that I have worked with are in the tomboy category, this style is frequently associated with lesbianism, because when performing the performance of a male K-pop group they include the members (all women) aspects masculine in and out of the staging. Likewise, I have been able to appreciate the process of training, selection, practices and how social networks, especially Facebook, are an important information and communication platform for the construction and dissemination of a cover group. The objective of the covers groups is to perform towards an audience, without having as limit only their urban tribe, since the events where they can participate are open to a general public. To make these presentations each weekly practice group looking for a performance very similar to the Korean idol (dance and visuality). Based on these performances is where I iv study a series of processes that the body works as construction of gender identity in the members of these groups, Diana Taylor calls these performances: "vital acts of transfer, transmitting social knowledge, memory and sense of identity through repeated actions, or what Richard Schechner calls "restored behavior." (...) These practices imply predetermined behaviors that have rules or norms; breaking rules is the norm of performance art"2. The three groups with which I work make covers of male groups of K-pop, for which their performances have led them to break a series of social rules, such as gender, taking in them a construction of their visuality and their different actions to the social construct, generating the tomboy style, accepted style within their tribe but not so easily in the rest of society; This is a subject that is not much discussed in gender studies, so the justification for research is to generate spaces to understand identities that are alternatives to heterosexual categories, especially in popular culture events. One of the most representative changes of this tomboy identity is the haircut is the breaking point and the most representative element of the feminine gender, both for them and for the others that surround them, meant the first confrontation with the abject, but a determining factor in the construction of your identity
This research is about the tomboy covers of K-pop. K-pop is the popular music of South Korea and the K-pop covers are groups of young women and men, between an average of 14 and 25 years old, which make performances of a K-pop group. In the covers there are categories, the three groups that I have worked with are in the tomboy category, this style is frequently associated with lesbianism, because when performing the performance of a male K-pop group they include the members (all women) aspects masculine in and out of the staging. Likewise, I have been able to appreciate the process of training, selection, practices and how social networks, especially Facebook, are an important information and communication platform for the construction and dissemination of a cover group. The objective of the covers groups is to perform towards an audience, without having as limit only their urban tribe, since the events where they can participate are open to a general public. To make these presentations each weekly practice group looking for a performance very similar to the Korean idol (dance and visuality). Based on these performances is where I iv study a series of processes that the body works as construction of gender identity in the members of these groups, Diana Taylor calls these performances: "vital acts of transfer, transmitting social knowledge, memory and sense of identity through repeated actions, or what Richard Schechner calls "restored behavior." (...) These practices imply predetermined behaviors that have rules or norms; breaking rules is the norm of performance art"2. The three groups with which I work make covers of male groups of K-pop, for which their performances have led them to break a series of social rules, such as gender, taking in them a construction of their visuality and their different actions to the social construct, generating the tomboy style, accepted style within their tribe but not so easily in the rest of society; This is a subject that is not much discussed in gender studies, so the justification for research is to generate spaces to understand identities that are alternatives to heterosexual categories, especially in popular culture events. One of the most representative changes of this tomboy identity is the haircut is the breaking point and the most representative element of the feminine gender, both for them and for the others that surround them, meant the first confrontation with the abject, but a determining factor in the construction of your identity
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Mujeres jóvenes--Comportamiento sexual--Perú, Identidad sexual--Perú, Música popular--Corea del Sur, Bandas de música--Perú
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