Índice de progreso social del distrito de Pucusana
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Date
2019-08-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Para implementar medidas sociales y ambientales que generen beneficio a la sociedad,
se debe contar con metodologías que faciliten a las autoridades locales y grupos de interés
una visión clara de la realidad del área en estudio, permitiendo el desarrollo de acciones que
generen un impacto positivo a sus habitantes. En este sentido, el Índice de Progreso Social
(IPS) es la herramienta que permite explicar el desarrollo social y ambiental de un país,
provincia o distrito, mediante el análisis de sus dimensiones, como son necesidades humanas
básicas, fundamentos del bienestar y oportunidades, conformada cada una por cuatro
componentes, resultando una línea de base para entidades interesadas permitiendo tomar
decisiones para mejorar la calidad de vida de la población analizada.
Por ello, el presente trabajo de investigación calcula y analiza el Índice de Progreso
Social del distrito de Pucusana en el año 2018, aplicando la metodología mediante un
enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental transeccional y un alcance exploratoriodescriptivo,
utilizando como instrumento de investigación una encuesta proporcionada por
CENTRUM Católica, la cual fue aplicada a los jefes de hogar de una muestra del distrito,
previamente calculada. Posteriormente, se procesó la información obtenida de dichas
encuestas y documentos brindados por la municipalidad y diversas entidades del Estado,
realizando el respectivo análisis estadístico para calcular el Índice de Progreso Social.
Como resultado del análisis, el distrito de Pucusana obtuvo un puntaje de 39.93, es
decir, un nivel de progreso social muy bajo, en una escala de cero a 100 puntos, obteniendo
en la dimensión necesidades humanas básicas un puntaje de 49.94, es decir, un nivel de
progreso social bajo, así como, en la dimensión fundamento del bienestar un puntaje de
24.84, es decir, un nivel de progreso social extremo bajo y, finalmente, en la dimensión
oportunidades un puntaje de 45.02, es decir, un nivel de progreso social bajo.
Con respecto a las zonas, se identificó que la zona tres presentó un puntaje de 71.41, es decir, un nivel de progreso social medio alto, seguido de la zona uno con un puntaje de
47.54, es decir, un nivel de progreso social bajo, continuando con la zona cuatro con un
puntaje de 32.02, es decir, un nivel de progreso social extremo bajo y, finalmente, la zona dos
con un puntaje de 29.86, es decir, un nivel de progreso social también extremo bajo. Estos
resultados muestran que, en el mismo distrito, existen diferentes niveles de progreso social
que deberán ser atendidos de acuerdo a las necesidades de la población, teniendo en cuenta
aquellos factores de mayor vulnerabilidad que afecta al crecimiento y desarrollo del distrito.
To implement social and environmental measures that generate benefits for society, methodologies should be available to provide local authorities and stakeholders with a clear vision of the reality of the area under study, allowing the development of actions that generate a positive impact on their habitants. In this sense, the Social Progress Index (IPS) is the tool that can explain the social and environmental development of a country, province or district, by analyzing its dimensions, such as basic human needs, welfare fundamentals and opportunities, each formed by four components, resulting in a baseline for interested entities allowing decisions to improve the quality of life of the population analyzed. Therefore, this research work calculates and analyzes the Social Progress Index of the district of Pucusana in 2018, applying the methodology through a quantitative approach with a non-experimental transectional design and an exploratory-descriptive scope, using as a research instrument a survey provided by CENTRUM Católica, which was applied to the heads of households of a district sample, previously calculated. Subsequently, the information obtained from these surveys and documents provided by the municipality and various State entities was processed, performing the respective statistical analysis to calculate the Social Progress Index. As a result of the analysis, the district of Pucusana obtained a score of 39.93, that is, a very low level of social progress, on a scale of zero to 100 points, obtaining in the dimension basic human needs a score of 49.94, that is, a level of low social progress, as well as, in the fundamental dimension of well-being a score of 24.84, that is, a level of extreme low social progress and, finally, in the opportunities dimension a score of 45.02, that is, a level of low social progress. With respect to the zones, it was identified that zone three presented a score of 71.41, that is, a level of social progress that is medium high, followed by zone one with a score of 47.54, that is, a low level of social progress, continuing with zone four with a score of 32.02, that is, a level of extreme low social progress and, finally, zone two with a score of 29.86, that is, a level of social progress also extreme low. These results show that, in the same district, there are different levels of social progress that should be addressed according to the needs of the population, taking into account those factors of greater vulnerability that affect the growth and development of the district.
To implement social and environmental measures that generate benefits for society, methodologies should be available to provide local authorities and stakeholders with a clear vision of the reality of the area under study, allowing the development of actions that generate a positive impact on their habitants. In this sense, the Social Progress Index (IPS) is the tool that can explain the social and environmental development of a country, province or district, by analyzing its dimensions, such as basic human needs, welfare fundamentals and opportunities, each formed by four components, resulting in a baseline for interested entities allowing decisions to improve the quality of life of the population analyzed. Therefore, this research work calculates and analyzes the Social Progress Index of the district of Pucusana in 2018, applying the methodology through a quantitative approach with a non-experimental transectional design and an exploratory-descriptive scope, using as a research instrument a survey provided by CENTRUM Católica, which was applied to the heads of households of a district sample, previously calculated. Subsequently, the information obtained from these surveys and documents provided by the municipality and various State entities was processed, performing the respective statistical analysis to calculate the Social Progress Index. As a result of the analysis, the district of Pucusana obtained a score of 39.93, that is, a very low level of social progress, on a scale of zero to 100 points, obtaining in the dimension basic human needs a score of 49.94, that is, a level of low social progress, as well as, in the fundamental dimension of well-being a score of 24.84, that is, a level of extreme low social progress and, finally, in the opportunities dimension a score of 45.02, that is, a level of low social progress. With respect to the zones, it was identified that zone three presented a score of 71.41, that is, a level of social progress that is medium high, followed by zone one with a score of 47.54, that is, a low level of social progress, continuing with zone four with a score of 32.02, that is, a level of extreme low social progress and, finally, zone two with a score of 29.86, that is, a level of social progress also extreme low. These results show that, in the same district, there are different levels of social progress that should be addressed according to the needs of the population, taking into account those factors of greater vulnerability that affect the growth and development of the district.
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Indicadores sociales--Perú--Pucusana (Lima : Distrito), Indicadores económicos--Perú--Pucusana (Lima : Distrito), Investigación cuantitativa
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