Calidad en las empresas del sector confecciones en Lima Metropolitana, 2014
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Date
2019-08-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente tesis describe el nivel de los nueve factores de la Administración de la
Calidad Total (TQM) en las empresas del sector confecciones en Lima Metropolitana. La
investigación tomó como base los nueve factores de la Calidad Total de una muestra de 70
empresas, de las cuales sólo cinco resultaron tener la certificación ISO. La Calidad Total es
una práctica que proporciona resultados comprobados a las empresas que lo implementan;
afirmación que está respaldada por diversas investigaciones y por el sector de confecciones.
Industria altamente competitiva en el Perú, en especial, en Lima Metropolitana que se ha
visto afectada y está constantemente amenazada por empresas globales, grandes economías
de escala y modelos de calidad maduros.
El estudio realizado evidenció que las empresas estudiadas tienden a no cumplir la
conformación de círculos de calidad. No obstante, dichas empresas cumplen e invierten en el
diseño de producto. Asimismo, tienden a cumplir los otros siete factores, es decir que existe
una asignación correcta de recursos por parte de la alta gerencia: prestan atención a las metas
y a las necesidades de sus clientes, evalúan regularmente sus políticas de calidad y el
desempeño de sus proveedores, utilizan las herramientas de la calidad e involucran a sus
trabajadores.
Finalmente, existen diversas oportunidades de mejora para la industria. La
modernización y formalización de sus procesos empresariales y, en especial, la adopción de
una cultura de calidad son factores que permitirán a la industria incrementar su
competitividad y mantener su crecimiento acompañado de la buena reputación de los
productos peruanos.
This thesis provides the perceived status of the Total Quality Management’s nine factors of Lima Metropolitan Area’s dressmaking companies. The nine factors of the Total Quality Management were took as foundation out of a sample of 70 companies from which only five turned out to have the ISO certification. The Total Quality is a practice that provides proved results to the companies who have implemented it. This statement is backed up for many different researches and for the dressmaking sphere which is a highly competitive industry in Peru, specially, in Lima Metropolitan Area that has been altered and it is constantly threatened by global companies, large economies of scale and mature quality models. The research shows that the studied companies are prone failing to fulfill the conformation of the circle of quality. However, these companies do achieve and invest in the product’s design. In addition, they do fulfill with the other seven factors: there is right assignation of resources from the senior management; attention to the goals and to the client’s needs is paid; quality policies and supplier’s performance are regularly evaluated; quality tools are utilized; lastly, employees are involved. Finally, a variety of different opportunities of improvement exists for the industry. Modernization and business process’ formalization, specially, the adoption of a quality culture are factors which allow the industry to increase its competitiveness and uphold its growth by the hand of the Peruvian product’s good reputation.
This thesis provides the perceived status of the Total Quality Management’s nine factors of Lima Metropolitan Area’s dressmaking companies. The nine factors of the Total Quality Management were took as foundation out of a sample of 70 companies from which only five turned out to have the ISO certification. The Total Quality is a practice that provides proved results to the companies who have implemented it. This statement is backed up for many different researches and for the dressmaking sphere which is a highly competitive industry in Peru, specially, in Lima Metropolitan Area that has been altered and it is constantly threatened by global companies, large economies of scale and mature quality models. The research shows that the studied companies are prone failing to fulfill the conformation of the circle of quality. However, these companies do achieve and invest in the product’s design. In addition, they do fulfill with the other seven factors: there is right assignation of resources from the senior management; attention to the goals and to the client’s needs is paid; quality policies and supplier’s performance are regularly evaluated; quality tools are utilized; lastly, employees are involved. Finally, a variety of different opportunities of improvement exists for the industry. Modernization and business process’ formalization, specially, the adoption of a quality culture are factors which allow the industry to increase its competitiveness and uphold its growth by the hand of the Peruvian product’s good reputation.
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Keywords
Calidad total, Industria de la confección--Perú--Lima, Investigación cuantitativa
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