El período formativo tardío y final en Ayacucho, con una perspectiva desde Pallaucha - Vilcashuamán
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2018-05-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En la presente tesis estudiamos el sitio arqueológico de Pallaucha localizada en la sierra centro sur
del Perú. La ocupación más importante responde al Periodo Formativo, revelaron la presencia de
arquitectura compleja (montículo II), que se caracteriza por tener una plataforma rectangular
construida con bloques grandes de piedra a similar de Campanayuq Rumi. Las excavaciones al
interior de esta plataforma evidenciaron rellenos de sedimento junto a sucesiones arquitectónicas
menores vinculados a actividades domésticas y rituales. Por otro lado en base al estudio de la
cerámica hemos definido 3 fases y 4 en arquitectura; dos fases de cerámica y tres de arquitectura
responden al Formativo Tardío (800-600/500 a.C), y la última con el Formativo Final (600/500-
200 a.C); también reconocemos el Epiformativo (200 a.C-150 d.C) relacionada con evidencias de
abandono y conflictos; este tipo de secuencia no es aislada para Ayacucho guarda coherencia con
otros sitios como Chupas y Wichqana. Finalmente concluimos que la importancia de Pallaucha se
debe a su directa relación con los recursos naturales y configuración geográfica de la cuenca del
río Pampas, como factor crucial para un desarrollo regional durante el Periodo Formativo Tardío
y Final.
In this dissertation we investigated the Pallaucha archaeological site located at south central highlands of Peru. The research has established the Formative Period as the major occupation, and revealed the building of complex architecture at the Mound II (a rectangular platform) build on big block stones on similar style of Campanayuq Rumi. The excavation of the platform exposed successive building phases with inner fill construction associated with domestic and ritual activities, suggesting an elite group lived at the Mound II. The site show three architectural phases, and two phases of ceramic correspond to the Late Formative (800-600/500 years B.C.), one ceramic and architectural phase associated to Final Formative (600/500-200 years B.C), and remarkable evidence of conflict and abandon of the site during Epiformative period (200 B.P-150 years A.D); those phases has ben also reported in other sites of the region i.e. Chupas and Wichqana. Finally we conclude the importance of Pallaucha is direct relation to natural resources and geographical setting of Pampas river basin, as crucial factor to regional development during the Late and Final Formative.
In this dissertation we investigated the Pallaucha archaeological site located at south central highlands of Peru. The research has established the Formative Period as the major occupation, and revealed the building of complex architecture at the Mound II (a rectangular platform) build on big block stones on similar style of Campanayuq Rumi. The excavation of the platform exposed successive building phases with inner fill construction associated with domestic and ritual activities, suggesting an elite group lived at the Mound II. The site show three architectural phases, and two phases of ceramic correspond to the Late Formative (800-600/500 years B.C.), one ceramic and architectural phase associated to Final Formative (600/500-200 years B.C), and remarkable evidence of conflict and abandon of the site during Epiformative period (200 B.P-150 years A.D); those phases has ben also reported in other sites of the region i.e. Chupas and Wichqana. Finally we conclude the importance of Pallaucha is direct relation to natural resources and geographical setting of Pampas river basin, as crucial factor to regional development during the Late and Final Formative.
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Arqueología--Perú--Ayacucho, Ayacucho--Restos arqueológicos, Vilcashuamán (Perú)--Restos arqueológicos
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