Derechos inespecíficos de las personas trans relevantes para el mundo del trabajo a la luz del Sistema Interamericano de derechos humanos
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2023-03-27
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La tutela reforzada en favor de las personas trans se encuentra sustentada
jurídica y extrajurídicamente, al estar dentro de categorías protegidas y/o
sospechosas de discriminación a partir de la Convención Americana sobre
Derechos Humanos; y, entenderlas como una población en situación de
vulnerabilidad, por la criminalización, patologización y estigmatización de su
existencia, desde un punto de vista relacional, respectivamente. Así, se plantea
como problema jurídico identificar cuales con los estándares que la regulación
laboral interna debe considerar a fin de garantizar los derechos inespecíficos de
las personas trans en el mundo del trabajo. En esa línea, se analizan las
sentencias de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos sobre la materia,
su evolución y su aplicación al ámbito del trabajo, como concepto amplio, no
restringido a la relación jurídico laboral como tal. Se identifican tres derechos:
identidad de género, expresión de género y a un mundo del trabajo libre de
violencia y acoso, reconocidos desde el derecho internacional, sobre los cuales
se proponen medidas de intervención regulatoria concordantes con las
obligaciones generales de los estados parte de dicho tratado, de prevención,
protección y adecuación de la normativa interna, relacionadas con el acceso y
terminación de la relación de trabajo, condiciones básicas de trabajo decente y
límites al poder de dirección.
The reinforced guardianship in favor of trans people is legally and extra-legally supported, as they are within protected categories and/or suspected of discrimination based on the American Convention on Human Rights; and, understanding them as a population in a situation of vulnerability, due to the criminalization, pathologization and stigmatization of their existence, from a relational point of view, respectively. Thus, it arises as a legal problem to identify the standards that the internal labor regulation must consider in order to guarantee the fundamental rights of trans people in the world of work. In this line, the judgments of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the matter, its evolution and its application to the field of work are analyzed, as a broad concept, not restricted to the legal labor relationship as such. Three rights are identified: gender identity, gender expression and a world of work free of violence and harassment, recognized from international law, on which regulatory intervention measures are proposed consistent with the general obligations of the states parties to said treaty, prevention, protection and adaptation of internal regulations, related to access and termination of the employment relationship, basic conditions of decent work and limits to the power of management.
The reinforced guardianship in favor of trans people is legally and extra-legally supported, as they are within protected categories and/or suspected of discrimination based on the American Convention on Human Rights; and, understanding them as a population in a situation of vulnerability, due to the criminalization, pathologization and stigmatization of their existence, from a relational point of view, respectively. Thus, it arises as a legal problem to identify the standards that the internal labor regulation must consider in order to guarantee the fundamental rights of trans people in the world of work. In this line, the judgments of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the matter, its evolution and its application to the field of work are analyzed, as a broad concept, not restricted to the legal labor relationship as such. Three rights are identified: gender identity, gender expression and a world of work free of violence and harassment, recognized from international law, on which regulatory intervention measures are proposed consistent with the general obligations of the states parties to said treaty, prevention, protection and adaptation of internal regulations, related to access and termination of the employment relationship, basic conditions of decent work and limits to the power of management.
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Personas transgénero, Discriminación en el trabajo--Jurisprudencia, Identidad de género, Derechos humanos--Perú, Derecho laboral--Legislación--Perú