Sobrecarga, afrontamiento y soporte social en progenitores de pacientes oncopediátricos
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Date
2020-10-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El cáncer infantil constituye un reto para los progenitores, quienes enfrentan distintas exigencias
a lo largo de la enfermedad. La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad analizar las posibles
relaciones de la sobrecarga con el afrontamiento y el soporte social en 82 padres y madres de niños
con cáncer cuyas edades oscilaban entre 20 y 61 años (M= 32.73; DE= 8.76). Se utilizó la Escala
de Sobrecarga de Zarit (Zarit et al., 1980), el Inventario de Afrontamiento COPE (Carver et al.,
1989) y el Cuestionario MOS de apoyo social (Sherbourne y Stewart, 1991). Los resultados
evidencian variaciones en la sobrecarga del cuidador, las estrategias de afrontamiento y el soporte
social según características sociodemográficas. Igualmente, acorde al objetivo general, se hallaron
relaciones de la sobrecarga del cuidador con determinadas estrategias de afrontamiento y con el
soporte social global y sus distintos tipos. Se realizaron análisis de regresión encontrando el rol
predictivo de las estrategias de aceptación, reinterpretación positiva y enfocar y liberar emociones,
el soporte social y características sociodemográficas como el nivel de instrucción y la edad del hijo
en la sobrecarga del cuidador (R
2 =
.43, p< .05). Asimismo, en el segundo modelo, cuya diferencia
fue la consideración del soporte social por áreas, se evidenció el rol predictivo del soporte afectivo
y las variables antes mencionadas (R
2 =
.45, p< .05).
Pediatric cancer is a challenge for many families, especially for parents, who face different demands throughout the disease. This research aimed to analyze the possible relationships of caregiver burden with coping and social support in 82 parents of children with cancer whose ages ranged between 21 and 61 years (M= 32.73; DE= 8.76). Zarit Burden Interview (Zarit et al., 1980), the COPE Inventory (Carver et al., 1989) and the MOS Social Support Questionnaire (Sherbourne y Stewart, 1991) were used for the measurement. The results show variations in caregiver burden, coping strategies and social support according to sociodemographic characteristics. Likewise, according to the general objective, there is a relationship of caregiver burden with certain coping strategies and with global social support and its different types. Regression analyzes were performed finding the predictive role of coping strategies of acceptance, positive reinterpretation and focus and release emotions, social support and sociodemographic characteristics such as the level of instruction and the age of the child in the caregiver's burden (R 2 = .43, p <.05). In the second model, whose difference was the consideration of social support by areas, the predictive role of affective support and the aforementioned variables was evidenced (R 2 = .45, p <.05)
Pediatric cancer is a challenge for many families, especially for parents, who face different demands throughout the disease. This research aimed to analyze the possible relationships of caregiver burden with coping and social support in 82 parents of children with cancer whose ages ranged between 21 and 61 years (M= 32.73; DE= 8.76). Zarit Burden Interview (Zarit et al., 1980), the COPE Inventory (Carver et al., 1989) and the MOS Social Support Questionnaire (Sherbourne y Stewart, 1991) were used for the measurement. The results show variations in caregiver burden, coping strategies and social support according to sociodemographic characteristics. Likewise, according to the general objective, there is a relationship of caregiver burden with certain coping strategies and with global social support and its different types. Regression analyzes were performed finding the predictive role of coping strategies of acceptance, positive reinterpretation and focus and release emotions, social support and sociodemographic characteristics such as the level of instruction and the age of the child in the caregiver's burden (R 2 = .43, p <.05). In the second model, whose difference was the consideration of social support by areas, the predictive role of affective support and the aforementioned variables was evidenced (R 2 = .45, p <.05)
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Keywords
Cáncer--Aspectos psicológicos, Niños--Enfermedades, Paternidad (Psicología), Cuidadores
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