Turismo y desarrollo del territorio : estudio del potencial turístico en Surco, Huarochirí-Lima
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2018-01-24
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación surge a partir del interés de conocer qué actividades económicas, además
de la agricultura, pueden contribuir con el desarrollo territorial de una comunidad rural, con
niveles de calidad de vida muy baja. El distrito de Surco, forma parte de la provincia de
Huarochirí, departamento de Lima, ubicado entre el km 60 y 66 de la carretera central, a 2
horas de Lima; cuenta con un gran encanto paisajístico, que lo vuelve, un punto bastante
interesante para limeños que buscan alejarse del ruido de la ciudad. En los últimos años, se ha
visto que la afluencia de visitantes al distrito va en aumento. No obstante, esto muestra lo poco
preparado que el distrito y su gente se encuentra, para acoger a tan crecida demanda. Es por
esta razón, que es necesario realizar un estudio del potencial turístico del distrito, para que de
acuerdo a los resultados, poder identificar estrategias que apoyen el desarrollo del territorio de
esta comunidad rural basada en el aprovechamiento de su potencial turístico. La metodología
para estudiar el potencial turístico en esta investigación es la postulada en la Guía para la
Evaluación del Potencial Turístico LEADER II, que consiste en lo siguiente: estudio de la oferta,
demanda, competencias y tendencias del mercado. Los métodos para el estudio de la oferta
son; 1) las encuestas abiertas, para conocer la percepción de los pobladores y de la demanda
frente al turismo; 2) la observación, para reconocer y analizar la oferta física de servicios y el
manual de inventario turístico del MINCETUR para identificar los atractivos turísticos naturales;
3) Ficha diagnóstico del programa de turismo rural comunitario (TRC), para evaluar a los
competidores del área de estudio; 4) Análisis FODA, para determinar las tendencias existentes
en el mercado actual y potencial de Surco. Los resultados del diagnóstico son los siguientes: 1)
la demanda tiende a incrementar, gracias a la distribución de los recursos naturales y el
creciente interés en el turismo de naturaleza 2) la oferta es bastante incipiente, pues, la planta
turística es precaria y no llega a satisfacer a la demanda; además, la infraestructura turística es
altamente vulnerable en época de lluvias, lo cual aísla al distrito de las dinámicas territoriales
que se dan en su entorno próximo, 3) en el aspecto de competencia, se evalúa otros dos
distritos cercanos bajo indicadores de servicio, infraestructura, etc, definiendo a Surco luego de
la evaluación como un distrito competente, 4) las tendencias son estudiadas a manera global,
es decir, las tendencias globales que existen en la actividad turística, situándolas en la realidad
Surcana. La situación actual del turismo en Surco se sintetiza en el análisis FODA, de acuerdo
al estudio de los cuatro factores (oferta, demanda, competencia y tendencia). Finalmente, de
este análisis se desprenden las estrategias a tomar en cuenta para el desarrollo de la actividad.
This research emerges from the interest of knowing what economic activities, in addition to agriculture, can contribute to the territorial development of a rural community with very low levels in the quality of life. The district of Surco, is part of the province of Huarochirí, department of Lima, located between km 60 and 66 of the central highway, it is 2 hours away from Lima; has a charming landscape, which makes it a very interesting point for capital citizens searching to get away from the city noise. In recent years, it has been seen that the influx of visitors to the district is increasing. However, this shows how poorly prepared the district and its people are, to accommodate so much demand. It is for this reason that it is necessary to carry out a study of the touristic potential of the district. Therefore, according to the results, be able to identify strategies that support the development of the territory of this rural community based on the use of its touristic potential. The methodology to study touristic potential in this research is the one put forward in the Guide for the Evaluation of LEADER II Touristic Potential, which consists in the following: study of supply, demand, competence and market trends. The methods for the study of supply are; 1) open surveys, to know the perception of the inhabitants and the demand towards tourism; 2) observation, to recognize and analyze the supply and the MINCETUR (Ministry of External Commerce and Tourism) touristic inventory manual to identify the natural touristic attractions; 3) Diagnostic sheet of the Community Rural Tourism Program (TRC), to evaluate the competitors in the area of study; 4) SWOT Analysis, to determine the current trends, in the current and potential market of Surco. The results of the diagnosis are as follows: 1) demand tends to increase, thanks to the distribution of natural resources and the growing interest in nature tourism 2) the supply is very incipient, therefore, the touristic plant is precarious and disatisfies the demand; in addition, the tourist infrastructure is highly vulnerable in the rainy season, which isolates the district from the territorial dynamics that occur in its immediate surroundings, 3) in the competition aspect, are evaluated two other nearby districts under indicators of service, infrastructure, etc., defining Surco after the evaluation as a competent district, 4) the trends and current situation of tourism in Surco are summarized in the SWOT analysis, according to the study of the three factors (supply, demand and competition), it shows that the trend is positive and promising, towards tourism. Finally, this analysis reveals the strategies to be taken into account for the development of the activity.
This research emerges from the interest of knowing what economic activities, in addition to agriculture, can contribute to the territorial development of a rural community with very low levels in the quality of life. The district of Surco, is part of the province of Huarochirí, department of Lima, located between km 60 and 66 of the central highway, it is 2 hours away from Lima; has a charming landscape, which makes it a very interesting point for capital citizens searching to get away from the city noise. In recent years, it has been seen that the influx of visitors to the district is increasing. However, this shows how poorly prepared the district and its people are, to accommodate so much demand. It is for this reason that it is necessary to carry out a study of the touristic potential of the district. Therefore, according to the results, be able to identify strategies that support the development of the territory of this rural community based on the use of its touristic potential. The methodology to study touristic potential in this research is the one put forward in the Guide for the Evaluation of LEADER II Touristic Potential, which consists in the following: study of supply, demand, competence and market trends. The methods for the study of supply are; 1) open surveys, to know the perception of the inhabitants and the demand towards tourism; 2) observation, to recognize and analyze the supply and the MINCETUR (Ministry of External Commerce and Tourism) touristic inventory manual to identify the natural touristic attractions; 3) Diagnostic sheet of the Community Rural Tourism Program (TRC), to evaluate the competitors in the area of study; 4) SWOT Analysis, to determine the current trends, in the current and potential market of Surco. The results of the diagnosis are as follows: 1) demand tends to increase, thanks to the distribution of natural resources and the growing interest in nature tourism 2) the supply is very incipient, therefore, the touristic plant is precarious and disatisfies the demand; in addition, the tourist infrastructure is highly vulnerable in the rainy season, which isolates the district from the territorial dynamics that occur in its immediate surroundings, 3) in the competition aspect, are evaluated two other nearby districts under indicators of service, infrastructure, etc., defining Surco after the evaluation as a competent district, 4) the trends and current situation of tourism in Surco are summarized in the SWOT analysis, according to the study of the three factors (supply, demand and competition), it shows that the trend is positive and promising, towards tourism. Finally, this analysis reveals the strategies to be taken into account for the development of the activity.
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Turismo--Perú--Huarochirí (Lima : Provincia), Ecoturismo, Desarrollo rural--Perú--Lima
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