Análisis financiero del mercado de vehículos eléctricos y valorización de Tesla Inc.
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2023-02-13
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Durante los últimos años nuestro planeta viene atravesando una de sus peores crisis
ambientales debido a los cambios climáticos, la contaminación ambiental y la pérdida de
biodiversidad que pone en riesgo a la humanidad, esto debido a que aún muchas grandes
empresas no toman consciencia de la importancia que tienen como agentes de cambio para
hacer frente a la reducción de huella de carbono.
Sin embargo, hay empresas de diferentes sectores económicos que no sólo buscan la
rentabilidad de sus negocios sino también se enfocan en generar un impacto positivo en la
sociedad, así como en la preservación y cuidado del medio ambiente. Estas compañías buscan
el uso de nuevos métodos, procesos y tecnologías que permitan optimizar el uso de los
recursos naturales y disminuir la contaminación ambiental.
El sector automotriz de vehículos eléctricos no sólo busca brindar una opción menos
costosa a los consumidores sino también se enfoca en la reducción de gases contaminantes y
mejorar la calidad del aire. Apoyados por incentivos gubernamentales, la búsqueda por la
reducción de costos de producción, desarrollo de ventajas competitivas en la fabricación de
vehículos eléctricos es que para el 2030, se espera que estas tecnologías tengan una
participación del 35% del mercado global. Así nace Tesla, una compañía eco-friendly que se
encarga del diseño, fabricación, venta y alquiler de vehículos eléctricos, sistemas de
generación y almacenamiento de energía que lidera las ventas de vehículos eléctricos en el
sector automotriz.
En la presente investigación se realiza la valoración de Tesla a través del método de
flujos de caja descontados, donde el precio de la acción que se determinó al 31 de diciembre
del 2021 es de USD 206.80 empleando un WACC de 12.61%. Además, mediante un análisis
de escenarios, se determinó que los precios de la acción fluctúan entre USD 186.99 y USD
236.61 en un escenario pesimista y optimista respectivamente.
In recent years, our planet has been going through one of its worst environmental crises due to climate change, environmental pollution, and the loss of biodiversity putting humanity at risk. One of the possible root causes is that many large companies are still unaware of the importance that they have as agents of change to face the reduction of carbon footprint in their respective industries. However, there are companies from different economic sectors that not only seek the profitability of their businesses but also focus on having a positive impact on society as well as on the preservation and care of the environment. These companies seek the use of new methods, processes, and technologies to optimize the use of natural resources and reduce environmental pollution. The electric vehicle automotive industry is one of its kind, since not only seeks to provide a less expensive option to consumers but also focuses on reducing emissions and improving air quality. Supported by government incentives, the search for the reduction of production costs, and the development of competitive advantages in the manufacture of electric vehicles, this technology is expected to have a 35% share of the global automotive market. This is how Tesla was born, an ecological company that is responsible for the design, manufacture, sale, and rental of electric vehicles, energy generation, and storage systems. In this research work, the corporate valuation of Tesla is carried out using the discounted cash flow methodology. The analysis of the company's performance is carried out using official historical data till December 31, 2021. The price per share according to the results is USD 206.80 using a WACC of 12.61%. Additionally, according to the scenario analysis, the prices of the stock fluctuate between USD 186.99 and USD 236.61 in a worst and optimistic scenario, respectively.
In recent years, our planet has been going through one of its worst environmental crises due to climate change, environmental pollution, and the loss of biodiversity putting humanity at risk. One of the possible root causes is that many large companies are still unaware of the importance that they have as agents of change to face the reduction of carbon footprint in their respective industries. However, there are companies from different economic sectors that not only seek the profitability of their businesses but also focus on having a positive impact on society as well as on the preservation and care of the environment. These companies seek the use of new methods, processes, and technologies to optimize the use of natural resources and reduce environmental pollution. The electric vehicle automotive industry is one of its kind, since not only seeks to provide a less expensive option to consumers but also focuses on reducing emissions and improving air quality. Supported by government incentives, the search for the reduction of production costs, and the development of competitive advantages in the manufacture of electric vehicles, this technology is expected to have a 35% share of the global automotive market. This is how Tesla was born, an ecological company that is responsible for the design, manufacture, sale, and rental of electric vehicles, energy generation, and storage systems. In this research work, the corporate valuation of Tesla is carried out using the discounted cash flow methodology. The analysis of the company's performance is carried out using official historical data till December 31, 2021. The price per share according to the results is USD 206.80 using a WACC of 12.61%. Additionally, according to the scenario analysis, the prices of the stock fluctuate between USD 186.99 and USD 236.61 in a worst and optimistic scenario, respectively.
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Análisis financiero--Estudio de casos, Industria automotriz, Desarrollo sostenible--Empresas, Responsabilidad social
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