Facilitadores y limitantes para el acceso al programa de compensación social relacionado al gas licuado de petróleo (GLP) de la población vulnerable en el distrito de Cangallo, Ayacucho
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2021-08-31
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El objetivo de la investigación es identificar los factores facilitadores y limitantes para
el acceso de la población vulnerable al Programa de Compensación Social
relacionado al Gas Licuado de Petróleo (en adelante PCSPGLP) en el distrito de
Cangallo-Ayacucho, política de compensación social que busca cambiar la situación
de los beneficiarios mejorando su acceso a esta energía, examinando sus prácticas
y recogiendo opiniones de todos los actores para proponer recomendaciones que
orienten mejorar el programa.
Para trabajar se hizo el análisis con un enfoque cualitativo sobre la información
recogida a través de entrevistas a profundidad a actores clave como son las
autoridades locales, funcionarios de la empresa, comercializadores de gas y focus
group en dos comunidades rurales de la provincia de Cangallo donde participaron los
beneficiarios del programa. También se aplicaron fichas de observación directa y se
revisaron documentos. La investigación permitió conocer el funcionamiento del
PCSPGLP del FISE con relación a la organización a nivel local para el acceso al
programa, los cambios percibidos por los usuarios, el enfoque intercultural del
programa y el nivel de aceptación del gas por parte de los usuarios.
El análisis de los hallazgos permite concluir que existe una débil organización con
escasa participación de actores a nivel local debido a cambios de autoridades y a la
falta de involucramiento de estos, hay población que desconoce los requisitos y
trámites a realizar para acceder al programa y la percepción de que el programa no
está focalizado adecuadamente. Aun cuando los usuarios reconocen los beneficios,
existen aspectos culturales que limitan el uso del gas que probablemente no fueron
considerados y que es necesario enfocarlos para el logro de los objetivos del
programa. Una limitante es la poca duración del gas por el uso diario y no hay
posibilidades para comprar otro balón. Asimismo, faltan herramientas para controlar
y regular los precios de los balones, cuya diferencia supera los 20 soles y la deben
asumir los beneficiarios. Un factor positivo es la aceptación de los beneficiarios frente
al uso de los balones de gas en beneficio de su salud; este dato debe ser tomado en
cuenta.
The objective of the research is to identify the facilitating and limiting factors for the vulnerable populations to the social compensation program related to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in the Cangallo-Ayacucho district, a social compensation policy that seeks to change the situation of the beneficiaries improving their access to this energy, examining their practices and gathering opinions from all the actors to propose recommendations that guide the improvement of the program. The methodology used is the qualitative approach based on the analysis of information collected through in-depth interviews with key actors such as local authorities, company officials, gas traders and focus groups in two rural communities in the province of Cangallo where the beneficiaries of the program participated. Direct observation sheets were also applied, and documents were reviewed. The research made it possible to know the operation of the FISE social energy compensation program in relation to the organization at the local level for access to the program, the changes perceived by users, the intercultural approach of the program and the level of acceptance of gas by the users. The analysis of the findings allows us to conclude that there is a weak organization with little participation of actors at the local level due to changes in authorities and the lack of involvement of these, there is a population that does not know the requirements and procedures to be carried out to access the program and the perception that the program is not adequately targeted. Even when users recognize the benefits, there are cultural aspects that limit the use of gas that were probably not considered and that need to be addressed to achieve the program's objectives. One limitation is the short duration of the gas due to daily use and there are no possibilities to buy another balloon. Likewise, there is a lack of control and regulation mechanisms for the prices of balls whose difference exceeds 20 soles and must be assumed by the beneficiaries. A positive factor is the acceptance of the beneficiaries regarding the use of gas balloons for the benefit of their health; this data must be considered.
The objective of the research is to identify the facilitating and limiting factors for the vulnerable populations to the social compensation program related to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in the Cangallo-Ayacucho district, a social compensation policy that seeks to change the situation of the beneficiaries improving their access to this energy, examining their practices and gathering opinions from all the actors to propose recommendations that guide the improvement of the program. The methodology used is the qualitative approach based on the analysis of information collected through in-depth interviews with key actors such as local authorities, company officials, gas traders and focus groups in two rural communities in the province of Cangallo where the beneficiaries of the program participated. Direct observation sheets were also applied, and documents were reviewed. The research made it possible to know the operation of the FISE social energy compensation program in relation to the organization at the local level for access to the program, the changes perceived by users, the intercultural approach of the program and the level of acceptance of gas by the users. The analysis of the findings allows us to conclude that there is a weak organization with little participation of actors at the local level due to changes in authorities and the lack of involvement of these, there is a population that does not know the requirements and procedures to be carried out to access the program and the perception that the program is not adequately targeted. Even when users recognize the benefits, there are cultural aspects that limit the use of gas that were probably not considered and that need to be addressed to achieve the program's objectives. One limitation is the short duration of the gas due to daily use and there are no possibilities to buy another balloon. Likewise, there is a lack of control and regulation mechanisms for the prices of balls whose difference exceeds 20 soles and must be assumed by the beneficiaries. A positive factor is the acceptance of the beneficiaries regarding the use of gas balloons for the benefit of their health; this data must be considered.
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Proyectos sociales--Perú--Cangallo (Ayacucho : Distrito), Gas licuado de petróleo--Política gubernamental--Perú--Cangallo (Ayacucho : Distrito), Gas licuado de petróleo--Participación ciudadana--Perú--Cangallo (Ayacucho : Distrito), Cangallo (Ayacucho : Distrito)--Condiciones sociales
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