Orientación futura, bienestar psicológico, propósito de vida y rendimiento en universitarios Limeños
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2023-11-22
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La motivación es un proceso psicológico que implica el surgimiento, dirección, mantenimiento o
desaparición de un comportamiento. La Orientación Futura es una variable motivacional crucial
durante períodos de transición, como la adultez emergente. El principal objetivo del presente
estudio es comprender la relación entre la Orientación Futura (OF) -dominios de carrera y
familia-, Bienestar Psicológico (Florecimiento), Propósito de vida y Rendimiento académico en
estudiantes que participan en el programa de tutoría universitaria que ofrece una universidad
privada de Lima Metropolitana, Perú. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 295 estudiantes
(M=22.06 años, DE=2.67 años, 62.7% mujeres). Se utilizaron instrumentos previamente
validados en Lima: Prospective Life Course Questionnaire (FOQ) para medir la Orientación
Futura (Seginer, 2009), Flourishing Scale (Cassaretto & Martínez, 2017; Diener et al., 2010)
como medida del Bienestar y la dimensión de Propósito de Vida que forma parte de la escala de
Bienestar Psicológico (Cubas, 2003; Ryff, 1989b).
Análisis factoriales confirmatorios (CFA) y modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) se
llevaron a cabo para analizar las relaciones entre las variables. Los resultados sugirieron una
relación positiva entre la Orientación Futura y el Propósito de vida, y entre la Orientación Futura
y el Florecimiento en el dominio de carrera. Además, la variable observada “expectativa hacia el
futuro”, mostró una relación positiva e intensa tanto en el dominio de carrera como en el de
familia. Se discuten los hallazgos como evidencia de la contribución de la Orientación Futura al
Florecimiento y Propósito de vida, así como su relevancia para la tutoría universitaria.
Motivation is a psychological process that allows us to understand the emergence, direction, maintenance or disappearance of a behavior. Future Orientation is a motivational variable, crucial for transition periods, such as emerging adulthood. The main aim of this research was the analysis of the relationships between Future Orientation (FO) -career and family domains-, Psychological well-being (Flourishing), Life Purpose, and Academic achievement in a sample of university students of Metropolitan Lima, Perú; who participated in educational and career counseling provided by their university. The sample consisted of 295 students (M=22.06 years old, DE=2.67 years old, 62.7% women). Instruments previously validated in the city of Lima, Perú were used: the “Prospective Life Course Questionnaire” (FOQ) to assess Future Orientation (Seginer, 2009), the “Flourishing Scale” (Cassaretto & Martínez, 2017; Diener et al., 2010) as a measure of WellBeing and the subscale “Life Purpose” -a dimension which is part of the “Psychological WellBeing” scale (Cubas, 2003; Ryff, 1989b)-, to assess Purpose in Life. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used to analyze the relationships between the variables. Results suggested a positive relationship between Future Orientation and Flourishing, and between Future Orientation and Life Purpose for the career domain. Furthermore, the observed variable “expectance” from Future Orientation, was strongly and positively related in both career and family domains. The findings are discussed as evidence of the contribution of Future Orientation to Flourishing and Life Purpose, as well as its relevance to educational and career counselling.
Motivation is a psychological process that allows us to understand the emergence, direction, maintenance or disappearance of a behavior. Future Orientation is a motivational variable, crucial for transition periods, such as emerging adulthood. The main aim of this research was the analysis of the relationships between Future Orientation (FO) -career and family domains-, Psychological well-being (Flourishing), Life Purpose, and Academic achievement in a sample of university students of Metropolitan Lima, Perú; who participated in educational and career counseling provided by their university. The sample consisted of 295 students (M=22.06 years old, DE=2.67 years old, 62.7% women). Instruments previously validated in the city of Lima, Perú were used: the “Prospective Life Course Questionnaire” (FOQ) to assess Future Orientation (Seginer, 2009), the “Flourishing Scale” (Cassaretto & Martínez, 2017; Diener et al., 2010) as a measure of WellBeing and the subscale “Life Purpose” -a dimension which is part of the “Psychological WellBeing” scale (Cubas, 2003; Ryff, 1989b)-, to assess Purpose in Life. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used to analyze the relationships between the variables. Results suggested a positive relationship between Future Orientation and Flourishing, and between Future Orientation and Life Purpose for the career domain. Furthermore, the observed variable “expectance” from Future Orientation, was strongly and positively related in both career and family domains. The findings are discussed as evidence of the contribution of Future Orientation to Flourishing and Life Purpose, as well as its relevance to educational and career counselling.
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Motivación (Educación), Orientación estudiantil, Bienestar, Rendimiento académico--Estudiantes universitarios
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