La inclusión del estrés laboral al listado de enfermedades profesionales
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2024-08-27
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La normativa laboral peruana en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo ha
regulado y reconoce, la existencia de agentes psicosociales, así, estos agentes
deben ser evaluados y prevenidos por los empleadores, evitando que los
trabajadores se encuentren expuestos a dichos agentes y estos generen algún
daño en su salud mental.
Así pues, estos daños que alteran la psiquis de los trabajadores pueden
repercutir de forma negativa en su salud no solo mental si no también física.
Dichos efectos negativos pueden acarrear en diagnósticos relacionados al estrés
crónico, depresión, ansiedad y afecciones de origen cardiovascular,
musculoesqueléticos y neurológicas.
Entre los factores de riesgo psicosocial más comunes se encuentran, el exceso
de trabajo, la inseguridad laboral, el hostigamiento sexual y el mobbing, sumado
a esto, los efectos derivados de la aparición de la COVID-19, los cuales han
repercutido de forma perjudicial principalmente a los trabajadores de la salud, los
cuales se han visto expuesto por casi dos años a sus efectos. Estos factores
pueden llevar a un aumento del estrés laboral y a un mayor riesgo de
enfermedades asociadas a la salud mental de los trabajadores.
En ese sentido, la finalidad es analizar si la legislación peruana, protege a los
trabajadores frente a los efectos adversos de naturaleza psicosocial, vinculados
a la salud mental. Como consecuencia de ello, el presente trabajo busca analizar
los beneficios de incluir el estrés de origen laboral, dentro del listado de
enfermedades profesionales.
Peruvian labor regulations on occupational safety and health have regulated and recognized the existence of psychosocial agents, so these agents must be evaluated and prevented by employers, avoiding that workers are exposed to these agents and these generate some damage to their mental health. Thus, these damages that alter the psyche of workers can have negative repercussions not only on their mental but also on their physical health. These negative effects can lead to diagnoses related to chronic stress, depression, anxiety and cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and neurological conditions. Among the most common psychosocial risk factors are overwork, job insecurity, sexual harassment and mobbing, in addition to the effects derived from the appearance of COVID-19, which have had a detrimental impact mainly on healthcare workers, who have been exposed to its effects for almost two years. These factors can lead to an increase in work stress and a greater risk of diseases associated with the mental health of workers. In this sense, the purpose is to analyze whether Peruvian legislation protects workers against adverse effects of a psychosocial nature, linked to mental health. As a consequence, this paper seeks to analyze the benefits of including workrelated stress in the list of occupational diseases.
Peruvian labor regulations on occupational safety and health have regulated and recognized the existence of psychosocial agents, so these agents must be evaluated and prevented by employers, avoiding that workers are exposed to these agents and these generate some damage to their mental health. Thus, these damages that alter the psyche of workers can have negative repercussions not only on their mental but also on their physical health. These negative effects can lead to diagnoses related to chronic stress, depression, anxiety and cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and neurological conditions. Among the most common psychosocial risk factors are overwork, job insecurity, sexual harassment and mobbing, in addition to the effects derived from the appearance of COVID-19, which have had a detrimental impact mainly on healthcare workers, who have been exposed to its effects for almost two years. These factors can lead to an increase in work stress and a greater risk of diseases associated with the mental health of workers. In this sense, the purpose is to analyze whether Peruvian legislation protects workers against adverse effects of a psychosocial nature, linked to mental health. As a consequence, this paper seeks to analyze the benefits of including workrelated stress in the list of occupational diseases.
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Derecho laboral--Legislación--Perú, Salud ocupacional--Perú, Enfermedades ocupacionales--Jurisprudencia--Perú
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