Modelo prolab: Kawsay, una propuesta para reutilizar el plástico PET generado por empresas industriales
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2022-07-11
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En el Perú se fabrican aproximadamente 237.5 mil toneladas de plástico PET por año. Con
frecuencia el 50% de ello es de un solo uso, mientras que solo el 22% es reciclado en la industria
civil y textil. En el 2020, el Ministerio de la Producción y el Ministerio del Medio Ambiente,
aprobaron la hoja de ruta hacia una economía circular donde uno de sus principales objetivos es
incentivar el uso de los residuos reaprovechables, si bien las empresas industriales cuentan con
actividades a favor del medio ambiente, como segregar y disponer los residuos sólidos, esto
sigue el enfoque de una economía lineal. En ese sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación
tiene como objetivo dar solución al problema que tienen actualmente las empresas para valorizar
los residuos reaprovechables para alinearse con la hoja de ruta de la economía circular.
Para identificar la solución del problema se ha hecho uso de la metodología design
thinking donde se ha identificado como producto mínimo viable, un servicio de recojo de
residuos PET de las empresas industriales, y transformación del RPET en tela para la venta de
uniformes para sus colaboradores, lo cual les permitirá seguir el enfoque de economía circular.
Bajo dicho planteamiento, el presente trabajo, desarrolla el proyecto Kawsay que ofrecerá el
servicio propuesto con un valor actual neto (VAN) de 1.5 millones de soles y una tasa interna de
retorno (TIR) del 96% en una proyección de los cinco primeros años de funcionamiento y con un
periodo de recuperación aproximado de dos años. Así mismo, para la implementación del
proyecto y el primer año de funcionamiento se necesitará una inversión de 230 mil soles de parte
de los socios y un préstamo bancario de 140 mil soles. Del análisis financiero realizado se
sustenta la factibilidad económica del presente proyecto, el mismo que demuestra un servicio
rentable y que apoya a las empresas participantes en un camino a lograr la economía circular.
In Peru, approximately 237.5 thousand tons of PET plastic are manufactured per year. Often 50% of it is single-use; while only 22% is recycled in the civil and textile industry. In 2020, the Ministry of Production and the Ministry of the Environment approved the circular economy roadmap where one of its main objectives is to promote the use of reusable waste, although industrial companies have activities in favor of the environment, such as segregating and disposing of solid waste, these are based on a linear economy. In this sense, the present research work aims to solve the problem that companies currently have to value reusable waste to align with the circular economy roadmap. To identify the solution to the problem, we have used the design thinking methodology, where it has been identified as a minimum viable product, a collection service for PET waste from industrial companies, and transformation of the RPET into fabric for the sale of uniforms for its employees, which will allow them to follow the circular economy approach. Under this approach, the present work develops the Kawsay project that will offer the proposed service with a Net Present Value (NPV) of 1.5 million soles and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 96% in a projection of the first five years of operation and with a recovery period of approximately two years. Likewise, for the implementation of the project and the first year of operation, an investment of 230 thousand soles will be needed from the partners and a bank loan of 140 thousand soles. The financial analysis carried out supports the economic feasibility of this project, which demonstrates a profitable service and supports the participating companies on a path to achieving the circular economy.
In Peru, approximately 237.5 thousand tons of PET plastic are manufactured per year. Often 50% of it is single-use; while only 22% is recycled in the civil and textile industry. In 2020, the Ministry of Production and the Ministry of the Environment approved the circular economy roadmap where one of its main objectives is to promote the use of reusable waste, although industrial companies have activities in favor of the environment, such as segregating and disposing of solid waste, these are based on a linear economy. In this sense, the present research work aims to solve the problem that companies currently have to value reusable waste to align with the circular economy roadmap. To identify the solution to the problem, we have used the design thinking methodology, where it has been identified as a minimum viable product, a collection service for PET waste from industrial companies, and transformation of the RPET into fabric for the sale of uniforms for its employees, which will allow them to follow the circular economy approach. Under this approach, the present work develops the Kawsay project that will offer the proposed service with a Net Present Value (NPV) of 1.5 million soles and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 96% in a projection of the first five years of operation and with a recovery period of approximately two years. Likewise, for the implementation of the project and the first year of operation, an investment of 230 thousand soles will be needed from the partners and a bank loan of 140 thousand soles. The financial analysis carried out supports the economic feasibility of this project, which demonstrates a profitable service and supports the participating companies on a path to achieving the circular economy.
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Plásticos--Industria y comercio--Perú, Residuos industriales, Plásticos--Reciclaje, Residuos sólidos--Aspectos ambientales, Plan de negocios
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