Propuesta de mejora para la reducción de costos de producción Cantol
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2019-10-24
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El Grupo Cantol es una empresa familiar peruana de cerraduras de seguridad con más
de 46 años en el mercado, manteniendo por muchos años su producto emblemático “La
tranca Cantol”. El sector se caracteriza por altos volúmenes y bajos márgenes de rentabilidad,
donde el crecimiento del sector es 6.56% promedio de los tres últimos años. La empresa tiene
un crecimiento en ventas por encima del sector de 15% en el 2017 y de 12% en el 2018. Este
incremento origino mayores ineficiencias operativas tanto en producción como en logística,
en consecuencia, se vio reflejado en el incremento del porcentaje del costo de ventas de 3%
del 2016 al 2018, por tanto, es crítico para un sector que maneja una utilidad neta de 3% a
5%. Las soluciones propuestas se enfocan en dos aspectos. Primero revisar el layout global de
la planta para ganar la mayor eficiencia posible, reduciendo los desplazamientos dentro de
planta y utilizando la menor cantidad de recurso humano. Segundo optimizar el proceso de
producción, donde se identificó que el problema principal se encuentra en el incremento de
costos fijos de producción de tres áreas productivas: (a) prensa, (b) ensamble de tambores y
(c) pintura, áreas que representan 53% del costo fijo de producción, el costo fijo de estas tres
áreas se incrementó en 44% del 2017 vs 2018, siendo S/ 822,807 representado 70% de la
utilidad. Luego de varias reuniones con la Gerencia de la empresa Tecnopress y a través de
un taller de desing thinking, se detectaron que las causas principales son: (a) calidad de la
materia prima inapropiada para la fabricación de caja de cerraduras en el área de prensa
originando un 35% de reprocesos y un 6% de defectuosos; (b) mala distribución de la línea de
ensamble de tambores que causa un incremento en el costo de hora hombre por unidad
producida, utilizando solo el 80% de su capacidad. En base al análisis y revisión teórica, se
proponen soluciones para la mejora de los procesos productivos: (a) optimizar el proceso de
fabricación de la caja de cerradura y (b) Balancear la línea de ensamble mediante la
metodología Lean Manufacturing.
The Cantol Group is a Peruvian family business of security locks with more than 46 years in the market, maintaining for many years its emblematic product "La tranca Cantol". The sector is characterized by high volumes and low margins of profitability, where the growth of the sector is 6.56% average for the last three years. The company has a growth in sales above the sector of 15% in 2017 and 12% in 2018. This increase caused greater operational inefficiencies in both production and logistics, consequently, it was reflected in the increase in the percentage of the 3% sales cost from 2016 to 2018, therefore, is critical for a sector that manages a net profit of 3% to 5%. The proposed solutions focus on two aspects. First review the overall layout of the plant to gain the highest possible efficiency, reducing displacements within the plant and using the least amount of human resources. Second, to optimize the production process, where it was identified that the main problem is the increase in fixed production costs of three productive areas: (a) press, (b) drum assembly and (c) paint, areas that represent 53% of the fixed cost of production, the fixed cost of these three areas increased by 44% from 2017 vs 2018, with S / 822,807 representing 70% of the profit. After several meetings with the Management of the Tecnopress company and through a desing thinking workshop, it was detected that the main causes are: (a) quality of the raw material inappropriate for the manufacture of locks in the press area originating 35% reprocesses and 6% defective; (b) poor distribution of the drum assembly line that causes an increase in the cost of man hours per unit produced, using only 80% of its capacity. Based on the analysis and theoretical revision, solutions for the improvement of the productive processes are proposed: (a) optimize the manufacturing process of the lock box and (b) Balance the assembly line using the Lean Manufacturing methodology.
The Cantol Group is a Peruvian family business of security locks with more than 46 years in the market, maintaining for many years its emblematic product "La tranca Cantol". The sector is characterized by high volumes and low margins of profitability, where the growth of the sector is 6.56% average for the last three years. The company has a growth in sales above the sector of 15% in 2017 and 12% in 2018. This increase caused greater operational inefficiencies in both production and logistics, consequently, it was reflected in the increase in the percentage of the 3% sales cost from 2016 to 2018, therefore, is critical for a sector that manages a net profit of 3% to 5%. The proposed solutions focus on two aspects. First review the overall layout of the plant to gain the highest possible efficiency, reducing displacements within the plant and using the least amount of human resources. Second, to optimize the production process, where it was identified that the main problem is the increase in fixed production costs of three productive areas: (a) press, (b) drum assembly and (c) paint, areas that represent 53% of the fixed cost of production, the fixed cost of these three areas increased by 44% from 2017 vs 2018, with S / 822,807 representing 70% of the profit. After several meetings with the Management of the Tecnopress company and through a desing thinking workshop, it was detected that the main causes are: (a) quality of the raw material inappropriate for the manufacture of locks in the press area originating 35% reprocesses and 6% defective; (b) poor distribution of the drum assembly line that causes an increase in the cost of man hours per unit produced, using only 80% of its capacity. Based on the analysis and theoretical revision, solutions for the improvement of the productive processes are proposed: (a) optimize the manufacturing process of the lock box and (b) Balance the assembly line using the Lean Manufacturing methodology.
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Cerraduras y seguridad, Logística empresarial