Falseamiento en entrevista de empleo y variables sociodemográficas en universitarios limeños
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2021-08-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La investigación advierte que en la entrevista de empleo los entrevistados frecuentemente
distorsionan sus respuestas, de forma intencional y consciente, para lucir más aptos; por tanto,
Levashina y Campion (2007) proponen el constructo Falseamiento para estudiar este fenómeno
y la escala IFB para medirlo. Por ello, esta tesis analizó la ocurrencia del Falseamiento con
dicho instrumento, en una muestra de 300 estudiantes universitarios de 18 a 37 años (M = 23.9,
DE = 3.76), de Lima Metropolitana, y a través de una ficha desarrollada para esta investigación
se exploraron variables sociodemográficas para ver su relación con el constructo. La escala fue
traducida, piloteada, contó con total comprensión de los participantes y evidenció uso del
Falseamiento en las entrevistas. Por su parte, el análisis factorial sugirió juntar los factores
Omisión y Enmascaramiento, que en el estudio original eran independientes. Asimismo, la
escala mostró apropiadas propiedades psicométricas como una alta confiabilidad, reflejada en
el Alfa de Cronbach, tanto a nivel general (.91) como en sus subescalas (.87 a .92), así como
también contó con validez de constructo y validez discriminante. Respecto a las variables
sociodemográficas exploradas, solo el Sexo del participante mostró diferencias en los factores
Construcción, Omisión y Enmascaramiento, Distanciamiento y Préstamo; dicho hallazgo es
similar a estudios predecesores donde los hombres muestran mayor inclinación por este tipo de
estrategias. Se concluye la pertinencia del constructo Falseamiento para estudiar las respuestas
intencionalmente distorsionadas en la entrevista y del IFB para abordarlo.
The research shows that in the job interview, the interviewees frequently distort their answers, intentionally and consciously, to look more suitable; therefore, Levashina and Campion (2007) propose the construct Faking to study this phenomenon and the IFB scale to measure it. Therefore, this thesis analyzed the occurrence of Faking with this instrument, in a sample of 300 university students aged 18 to 37 years (M = 23.97, SD = 3.76), from Lima Metropolitana, and through a file developed for this research they explored sociodemographic variables to see their relationship with the construct. The scale was translated, piloted, fully understood by the participants and evidenced the use of Faking in the interviews. For its part, factor analysis suggested merging the factors Omission and Masking, that were independent in the original study. Likewise, the scale showed appropriate psychometric properties such as high reliability, reflected in Cronbach's Alpha, both at a general level (.91) and in its subscales (.87 to .92), as well as having construct validity and discriminant validity. Regarding to the sociodemographic variables explored, only the Sex of the participant showed differences in the factors Construction, Omission and Masking, Distance and Borrwing; This finding is similar to predecessor studies where men show a greater inclination for this type of strategies. The pertinence of Faking construct to study the intentionally distorted responses in the interview and the IFB to address it is concluded.
The research shows that in the job interview, the interviewees frequently distort their answers, intentionally and consciously, to look more suitable; therefore, Levashina and Campion (2007) propose the construct Faking to study this phenomenon and the IFB scale to measure it. Therefore, this thesis analyzed the occurrence of Faking with this instrument, in a sample of 300 university students aged 18 to 37 years (M = 23.97, SD = 3.76), from Lima Metropolitana, and through a file developed for this research they explored sociodemographic variables to see their relationship with the construct. The scale was translated, piloted, fully understood by the participants and evidenced the use of Faking in the interviews. For its part, factor analysis suggested merging the factors Omission and Masking, that were independent in the original study. Likewise, the scale showed appropriate psychometric properties such as high reliability, reflected in Cronbach's Alpha, both at a general level (.91) and in its subscales (.87 to .92), as well as having construct validity and discriminant validity. Regarding to the sociodemographic variables explored, only the Sex of the participant showed differences in the factors Construction, Omission and Masking, Distance and Borrwing; This finding is similar to predecessor studies where men show a greater inclination for this type of strategies. The pertinence of Faking construct to study the intentionally distorted responses in the interview and the IFB to address it is concluded.
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Entrevistas para empleo, Estudiantes universitarios--Perú--Lima, Personalidad
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