Rediseño del proceso de gestión de la inscripción registral para enfrentar la alta cantidad de tiempo insumida por el ciudadano en recibir el servicio de inscripción registral del Registro de Bienes Muebles en el Perú
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2020-03-23
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El proyecto de innovación de la prestación del servicio inscripción registral del
Registro de Bienes Muebles que brinda el sistema registral, tiene la finalidad de mejorar
la calidad de los servicios, así como la accesibilidad de los ciudadanos a los servicios
registrales, las mismas que otorgan la seguridad jurídica a las transacciones económicas
y sociales de los ciudadanos, que a su vez crean condiciones para el desarrollo
socioeconómica del país.
El problema del servicio registral que enfrenta este trabajo de investigación es
“Alta cantidad de tiempo insumida por el ciudadano en recibir el servicio de
Inscripción Registral de Bienes Muebles que brinda el Sistema Registral en todo el
país años 2014 a 2018”. El problema tiene dos aristas. Primero, los ciudadanos que
viven en las provincias y distritos muy alejados con relación a las provincias donde si
existen oficinas registrales, afrontan problemas de accesibilidad a los servicios
registrales. Segundo, los ciudadanos afrontan problemas de plazos de atención en la
calificación de los títulos presentados. En suma, ambos factores demandan a los
ciudadanos mucho tiempo y costo para acceder a los servicios registrales.
El problema se caracteriza a través de los indicadores de la eficacia en cuanto a
la cobertura de la prestación de los servicios de inscripción registral en la totalidad de las
provincias del país y a través de los indicadores del plazo de la calificación de los títulos
presentados a nivel de las oficinas registrales del país.
Las causas directas del problema se identifican como sigue: i) Desequilibrio de la
demanda y oferta del servicio de inscripción registral a nivel de cada oficina registral; ii)
Heterogeneidad en la productividad del personal registral a nivel de cada una de las
oficinas registrales; y, iii) Heterogeneidad en la eficiencia del uso del recurso
presupuestal.
Las causas indirectas se han identificado como: i) Sistema de la tecnología de
información del Registro obsoleta con Base de Datos de alcance a nivel de cada oficina
registra con aplicativos atomizados y desfasados tecnológicamente en muchos de ellos;
ii) Normas de gestión del sistema registral presentan restricciones de cobertura
geográfica a nivel de provincias, la cual limita las competencias de los registradores
únicamente a una oficina registral; iii) Título archivado en documento físico para uso en el proceso de la calificación registral con alcance únicamente a nivel de cada oficina
registral; y, iv) Inadecuada Gestión de Recursos Humanos respecto al crecimiento de la
demanda de servicios registrales.
Para la solución del problema definido, se han identificado los medios
fundamentales en base a las causas indirectas, así mismo se han identificado las
acciones necesarias para determinar la alternativa de solución al problema.
Los medios fundamentales que se han utilizado para plantear la solución al
problema y las mismas que se encuentran dentro de la competencia de la Sunarp son: i)
Sistema de la tecnología de información del Registro de Bienes Muebles con Base de
Datos centralizada y moderna con alcance nacional; ii) Títulos archivados y títulos que
presentan los usuarios (demanda) digitalizado con valor legal, para la calificación con
competencia nacional de la Inscripción Registral del Registro de Bienes Muebles; iii)
Normas del proceso de la calificación registral del Registro de Bienes Muebles que
permiten calificar títulos con competencia nacional; iv) Adecuada gestión del recurso
humano del registro de Bienes Muebles, con personal altamente capacitado para asumir
calificación registral con competencia nacional y brindar servicio registral de calidad a los
ciudadanos.
La intervención del proyecto de innovación se diseñó con el uso de método de
Desing Thinking, y se implementara con los métodos agiles SCRUM (melé), uso de Lean
Startup, método rápido y no muy costoso
La innovación que desarrolla este proyecto comprende el desarrollo e
implementación un nuevo sistema de información tecnológica registral con nuevos
sistemas de transmisión de datos registrales, cambio del sistema de archivo registral que
se encuentra en documento físico a documento digital con valor legal, modificación de
las normas de gestión administrativa y registral, y nuevo modelo de gestión de recursos
humano altamente calificado en el procesos de la calificación e inscripción registral del
Registro de Bienes Muebles.
La innovación comprende los siguientes componentes: i) Nuevo sistema
informático de soporte para la gestión registral con nuevo sistema de comunicación, red
de transmisión de datos VPN y fibra óptica (Lima); ii) Títulos archivados y títulos
presentados por demanda del servicio, serán digitalizados con valor legal, toda la data digitalizada será depositada en la Base de Datos de la Sede Central; iii) Normas de
gestión administrativa y registral modificadas, que permita un proceso de calificación e
inscripción registral con competencia nacional; iv) Nuevo sistema de gestión de personal
altamente capacitado y especializado en materia de la calificación e inscripción registral
del registro de Bienes Muebles.
La deseabilidad del proyecto en principio se somete al deseo o la voluntad de la
Alta Dirección de la Sunarp, sustentado en las necesidades (cobertura geográfica) y
quejas (atención fuera de plazo, errores de calificación registral) de los ciudadanos,
factores que restringen y elevan los costos de los servicios registrales para los usuarios.
La factibilidad de la implementación se garantizará con el liderazgo directo de la
Gerencia General, así como la implementación de un equipo técnico con capacidad
ejecutiva que será conformada por los trabajadores con perfil adecuado y más
capacitados de la entidad, la que será complementado con la consultoría especializado
en la materia del proyecto. La factibilidad de la implementación contará con la gestión
estratégica del cambio y sensibilización al personal que pudiera ofrecer resistencias al
cambio, por tanto, no existe ninguna barrera normativa, operativa ni técnica para la
ejecución del proyecto de innovación.
La viabilidad de la ejecución del proyecto de innovación, presupuestalmente y
financieramente no tendría restricción alguna, debido a que la entidad tiene ingresos por
el cobro de las tasas registrales, como fuente de financiamiento Recursos Directamente
Recaudados (RDR), los ingresos son superior a los gastos ejecutados anualmente, es
decir la entidad genera usualmente saldo de balance considerable, la cual respalda la
viabilidad del proyecto.
The innovation project for the provision of the registry service provided by the registry system has the purpose of improving the quality of the registry services and the citizen’s access to registry services. These services grant legal security to the economic and social transactions made by citizens which in turn creates conditions for the socioeconomic development of the country. The problem of the registry service is “the high amount of time spent by citizens to receive the Personal Property Registry service provided by the Registry System in the country from 2014 to 2018.” The problem has two edges. First, citizens who live in the provinces and districts far away in relation to the provinces where there are registered offices face problems of accessibility to registered services. Second, citizens face problems of attention periods in the qualification of the specified titles. In summary, both factors require citizens a lot of time and cost to access the registered services The problem is characterized through effectiveness indicators of the coverage level of the registration services provided in all the provinces of the country and through delivery time indicators of qualified property titles issued in the registry offices over the country. The direct causes of the problem are: i) an imbalance between supply and demand of registry services in each individual registry office; ii) heterogeneous productivity of registry workers across all registry offices; and, iii) heterogeneity in the effectiveness of budget resources use. The indirect causes are: i) the information technology systems have outdated data base which is applicable only to one registry office (local systems) and many of the applications these local systems have are atomized and technologically outdated, ii) the registry system regulations restrict the geographic coverage across provinces, constraining the powers of the registrars to one registry office only, iii) the property titles used in the qualification process are physical and each one is located in one registry office only, and iv) inadequate management of human resources to serve the growth of the demand for registry services. To solve the causes of the problem, this paper identifies the fundamental means based on each one of the indirect causes of the problem, additionally, it identifies the actions necessary to determine the possible solution to the problem. The fundamental means that have been used to propose the solution to the problem and those that are within the competence of the Sunarp are: i) Information technology system of the Registry of Movable Property with a centralized and modern Database with scope national; ii) Archived titles and titles presented by users (demand) digitized with legal value, for the qualification with national competence of the Registration of the Registry of Movable Property; iii) Rules for the process of registration of the Registry of Movable Property that allow qualifying titles with national competence; iv) Adequate management of the human resources of the Movable Property Registry, with highly trained personnel to assume registration qualification with national competence and provide quality registration service to citizens. The intervention of the innovation project will be implemented through the use of the Desing Thinking method, SCRUM agile method (melé), use of Lean Startup which is an agile and inexpensive method, like the Minimum Viable Product (PMV). The design and implementation of the innovation project for the registry service of the Personal Property Registry nationally will require a strategic change management. The innovation project includes the development and implementation of a new information technology system for the registry that will allow the transmission of registry data, switching the current registry filing system from physical documents to digital documentation with legal value, changing management and registry regulations and a new model to manage the new human resources that will be highly specialized in the qualification and registration processes of the Personal Property Registry. The innovation project comprises the following components: i) a new support information system for registry management which includes a new communication system, VPN data transmission network and optical fiber (Lima), ii) the filed property titles and newly issued property titles will be digitized and will have legal value, all the digital information will be gathered in the headquarters data base, iii) modified administrative and registry management regulations that will enable the qualification and registry of personal property titles nationally, iv) a new human resource management system to manage workers who are highly trained and specialized in qualification and registry processes of the Personal Property Registry. The desirability of the project is subject to Top Management at SUNARP’s desire and will which will be based on user’s needs (geographical coverage) and complains (delay in registry, mistakes in the qualification process), factors that constrain the registry service and increase its cost for the citizen. The viability of implementation of the project will be granted by the General Manager’s direct involvement in leading the project, as well as by the assembly of a work team with executive capacity that will be comprised by the best suited and most talented workers within the institution and complemented by a consulting team specialized in the field of the project. The feasibility of the project will incorporate strategic change management and awareness campaign targeted to workers who might resist the change. Therefore, there won’t be regulation, operational or technical barriers to the implementation of the innovation project. The viability of the execution of the innovation project, budget and financially would not have any restriction, because the Sunarp has income for the collection of registration fees, as a source of financing Directly Raised Resources, the income is higher than expenses executed annually, that is, the entity usually generates a considerable balance, which supports the viability of the project.
The innovation project for the provision of the registry service provided by the registry system has the purpose of improving the quality of the registry services and the citizen’s access to registry services. These services grant legal security to the economic and social transactions made by citizens which in turn creates conditions for the socioeconomic development of the country. The problem of the registry service is “the high amount of time spent by citizens to receive the Personal Property Registry service provided by the Registry System in the country from 2014 to 2018.” The problem has two edges. First, citizens who live in the provinces and districts far away in relation to the provinces where there are registered offices face problems of accessibility to registered services. Second, citizens face problems of attention periods in the qualification of the specified titles. In summary, both factors require citizens a lot of time and cost to access the registered services The problem is characterized through effectiveness indicators of the coverage level of the registration services provided in all the provinces of the country and through delivery time indicators of qualified property titles issued in the registry offices over the country. The direct causes of the problem are: i) an imbalance between supply and demand of registry services in each individual registry office; ii) heterogeneous productivity of registry workers across all registry offices; and, iii) heterogeneity in the effectiveness of budget resources use. The indirect causes are: i) the information technology systems have outdated data base which is applicable only to one registry office (local systems) and many of the applications these local systems have are atomized and technologically outdated, ii) the registry system regulations restrict the geographic coverage across provinces, constraining the powers of the registrars to one registry office only, iii) the property titles used in the qualification process are physical and each one is located in one registry office only, and iv) inadequate management of human resources to serve the growth of the demand for registry services. To solve the causes of the problem, this paper identifies the fundamental means based on each one of the indirect causes of the problem, additionally, it identifies the actions necessary to determine the possible solution to the problem. The fundamental means that have been used to propose the solution to the problem and those that are within the competence of the Sunarp are: i) Information technology system of the Registry of Movable Property with a centralized and modern Database with scope national; ii) Archived titles and titles presented by users (demand) digitized with legal value, for the qualification with national competence of the Registration of the Registry of Movable Property; iii) Rules for the process of registration of the Registry of Movable Property that allow qualifying titles with national competence; iv) Adequate management of the human resources of the Movable Property Registry, with highly trained personnel to assume registration qualification with national competence and provide quality registration service to citizens. The intervention of the innovation project will be implemented through the use of the Desing Thinking method, SCRUM agile method (melé), use of Lean Startup which is an agile and inexpensive method, like the Minimum Viable Product (PMV). The design and implementation of the innovation project for the registry service of the Personal Property Registry nationally will require a strategic change management. The innovation project includes the development and implementation of a new information technology system for the registry that will allow the transmission of registry data, switching the current registry filing system from physical documents to digital documentation with legal value, changing management and registry regulations and a new model to manage the new human resources that will be highly specialized in the qualification and registration processes of the Personal Property Registry. The innovation project comprises the following components: i) a new support information system for registry management which includes a new communication system, VPN data transmission network and optical fiber (Lima), ii) the filed property titles and newly issued property titles will be digitized and will have legal value, all the digital information will be gathered in the headquarters data base, iii) modified administrative and registry management regulations that will enable the qualification and registry of personal property titles nationally, iv) a new human resource management system to manage workers who are highly trained and specialized in qualification and registry processes of the Personal Property Registry. The desirability of the project is subject to Top Management at SUNARP’s desire and will which will be based on user’s needs (geographical coverage) and complains (delay in registry, mistakes in the qualification process), factors that constrain the registry service and increase its cost for the citizen. The viability of implementation of the project will be granted by the General Manager’s direct involvement in leading the project, as well as by the assembly of a work team with executive capacity that will be comprised by the best suited and most talented workers within the institution and complemented by a consulting team specialized in the field of the project. The feasibility of the project will incorporate strategic change management and awareness campaign targeted to workers who might resist the change. Therefore, there won’t be regulation, operational or technical barriers to the implementation of the innovation project. The viability of the execution of the innovation project, budget and financially would not have any restriction, because the Sunarp has income for the collection of registration fees, as a source of financing Directly Raised Resources, the income is higher than expenses executed annually, that is, the entity usually generates a considerable balance, which supports the viability of the project.
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Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos (Perú), Registros públicos--Perú, Administración de sistemas de información--Evaluación--Perú, Administración pública--Perú
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