Relaciones entre (des)confianza institucional y miedo al crimen en una muestra de ciudadanos limeños
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2021-02-22
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En la presente investigación se buscó explorar la relación entre confianza hacia instituciones
relacionadas al control y prevención del crimen y miedo al crimen. Se seleccionaron como
instituciones relevantes la Policía Nacional del Perú, el Poder Judicial y el Poder Legislativo. El
objetivo principal era determinar si la baja confianza institucional podría predecir mayores niveles
de miedo al crimen. La muestra estuvo compuesta por adultos de ambos sexos residentes de la
ciudad Lima (N=126). En general la confianza en las instituciones estudiadas fue baja, con la
excepción de la policía que reportó niveles medianos de confianza. De las instituciones exploradas,
solo la confianza en el Poder Legislativo no correlacionó con el miedo al crimen. Asimismo, se
encontró que la confianza en una institución se puede predecir a partir de la percepción de
legitimidad y de efectividad de esta, pero solo la percepción de efectividad predice el miedo al
crimen y solo cuando se consideran las instituciones individualmente. Si se toma en cuenta la
efectividad conjunta de la Policía y del Poder Judicial, solo la Policía tiene poder explicativo en el
miedo al crimen.
The current research intended to explore de relationship between trust towards institutions related to crime prevention and control and fear of crime. The relevant institutions selected were the Police, the Judicial Power, and the Legislative Power. The main goal of the research was to determine whether low trust in institutions could predict higher levels of fear of crime. The sample (N=126) was composed of adults from both genders living in the city of Lima. In general, institutional trust was low except towards the police, which had a moderate level of trust. Out of all institutions considered, only trust in the Legislative Power did not correlate with fear of crime. It was also found that trust in an institution is influenced by its perceived legitimacy and effectiveness, but only perceived effectiveness accurately predicts fear of crime. Also, when considering the effectiveness of both Police and Judicial Power in predicting fear of crime, only the role of the Police is predicting of fear of crime.
The current research intended to explore de relationship between trust towards institutions related to crime prevention and control and fear of crime. The relevant institutions selected were the Police, the Judicial Power, and the Legislative Power. The main goal of the research was to determine whether low trust in institutions could predict higher levels of fear of crime. The sample (N=126) was composed of adults from both genders living in the city of Lima. In general, institutional trust was low except towards the police, which had a moderate level of trust. Out of all institutions considered, only trust in the Legislative Power did not correlate with fear of crime. It was also found that trust in an institution is influenced by its perceived legitimacy and effectiveness, but only perceived effectiveness accurately predicts fear of crime. Also, when considering the effectiveness of both Police and Judicial Power in predicting fear of crime, only the role of the Police is predicting of fear of crime.
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Palabras clave
Confianza institucional, Confianza, Criminología, Seguridad ciudadana
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