Transparencia corporativa en el sector de generación de energía eléctrica del Perú
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2018-12-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo adaptar y validar un instrumento de
medición de transparencia corporativa para medir el impacto económico en la rentabilidad de
las empresas del sector de generación de energía eléctrica del Perú; para ello, se adaptó a la
realidad peruana el instrumento de medición de transparencia corporativa propuesto por Kim,
Lee y Yang (2013). Este instrumento es el que más se adaptó al concepto, características y
aplicación de la transparencia corporativa, teniendo en consideración la teoría de los
stakeholders, los estándares internacionales de la OCDE (2016), GRI (2018), NTP-ISO
26000 (2010) y el índice de S&P (2018). El instrumento de medición abarca los siguientes
subíndices: (a) transparencia financiera, (b) transparencia en la gobernanza, (c) transparencia
operativa y (d) transparencia social. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance
correlacional con un diseño no experimental y longitudinal; para ello se realizó la recolección
de 30 muestras del sector de generación de energía eléctrica del Perú.
Los resultados de la investigación analizados mediante un análisis de regresión
múltiple determinaron, que no existe relación ni impacto entre el índice de transparencia
corporativa y la rentabilidad de las empresas. Asimismo, no existe relación entre los
indicadores de rentabilidad de las empresas y los subíndices de transparencia corporativa,
evidenciándose que solo el subíndice de transparencia de la gobernanza estaba relacionado
negativamente con el ROA. Finalmente, el nivel de cumplimiento del índice de transparencia
corporativa en el sector de generación de energía eléctrica fue de 61.47%, subíndice de
transparencia financiera de 73.34%, subíndice de transparencia operacional de 66.67%,
subíndice transparencia de la gobernanza de 61.1%, y subíndice transparencia social, de
50.4%.
The objective of this research was to adapt and validate a corporate transparency measurement instrument to measure the economic impact on the profitability of companies in the electric power generation sector of Peru; to this end, the corporate transparency measurement instrument proposed by Kim, Lee and Yang (2013) was adapted to Peruvian reality. This instrument is the one that most adapted to the concept, characteristics and application of corporate transparency, taking into account stakeholder theory, the international standards of the OECD (2016), GRI (2018), NTP-ISO 26000 (2010) and the S & P index (2018). The measurement instrument covers the following sub-indices: (a) financial transparency, (b) transparency in governance, (c) operational transparency and (d) social transparency. The research had a quantitative approach correlational scope with a nonexperimental and longitudinal design; for this purpose, 30 samples were collected from the electric power generation sector of Peru. The results of the research analyzed by means of a multiple regression analysis determined that there is no relationship or impact between the corporate transparency index and the profitability of the companies. Likewise, there is no relationship between the profitability indicators of the companies and the corporate transparency sub-indices, showing that only the transparency sub-index of governance was negatively related to the ROA. Finally, the level of compliance with the corporate transparency index in the electricity generation sector was 61.47%, the financial transparency sub-index of 73.34%, the operational transparency subindex of 66.67%, the governance transparency sub-index of 61.1%, and Social transparency sub-index, of 50.4%.
The objective of this research was to adapt and validate a corporate transparency measurement instrument to measure the economic impact on the profitability of companies in the electric power generation sector of Peru; to this end, the corporate transparency measurement instrument proposed by Kim, Lee and Yang (2013) was adapted to Peruvian reality. This instrument is the one that most adapted to the concept, characteristics and application of corporate transparency, taking into account stakeholder theory, the international standards of the OECD (2016), GRI (2018), NTP-ISO 26000 (2010) and the S & P index (2018). The measurement instrument covers the following sub-indices: (a) financial transparency, (b) transparency in governance, (c) operational transparency and (d) social transparency. The research had a quantitative approach correlational scope with a nonexperimental and longitudinal design; for this purpose, 30 samples were collected from the electric power generation sector of Peru. The results of the research analyzed by means of a multiple regression analysis determined that there is no relationship or impact between the corporate transparency index and the profitability of the companies. Likewise, there is no relationship between the profitability indicators of the companies and the corporate transparency sub-indices, showing that only the transparency sub-index of governance was negatively related to the ROA. Finally, the level of compliance with the corporate transparency index in the electricity generation sector was 61.47%, the financial transparency sub-index of 73.34%, the operational transparency subindex of 66.67%, the governance transparency sub-index of 61.1%, and Social transparency sub-index, of 50.4%.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Transparencia corporativa--Perú, Sector energético--Perú, Investigación cuantitativa
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Licencia Creative Commons
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