Estilo motivacional docente, necesidades psicológicas básicas y metacognición en la resolución de problemas matemáticos
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2021-11-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Desde la Teoría de la Autodeterminación, el presente estudio buscó explorar las relaciones entre
el estilo motivacional docente de apoyo a la autonomía y de control que percibe el estudiante,
la satisfacción y frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, el uso de habilidades
metacognitivas en la resolución de problemas matemáticos y el rendimiento matemático. La
muestra estuvo compuesta por 739 estudiantes de quinto de primaria (M edad = 10.45, DE =
0.51) de una red de colegios de Lima Metropolitana seleccionados de forma intencional. Este
estudio también examinó las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos utilizados
encontrando adecuadas evidencias de validez y confiabilidad en la muestra estudiada. A través
de un análisis de correlaciones se encontró que la percepción de apoyo a la autonomía se
relacionó positivamente con la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el uso del
conocimiento y autorregulación metacognitiva. Asimismo, la percepción de control se asoció
positivamente con la frustración de necesidades psicológicas básicas y negativamente con el
uso del conocimiento y regulación metacognitiva. No se encontraron correlaciones con el
rendimiento académico. Posteriormente, el análisis de senderos indicó que la percepción de
apoyo a la autonomía predice de forma positiva e indirecta el uso del conocimiento y regulación
metacognitiva, mediado por la satisfacción de necesidades psicológicas básicas. Por otro lado,
se encontró que la percepción de control predice de manera indirecta el uso del conocimiento
metacognitivo, mediado por la frustración de necesidades psicológicas básicas. Los resultados
son discutidos en relación a la luz del lado claro [bright side] y el lado oscuro [dark side] de la
motivación hacia las matemáticas.
Grounded on Self Determination Theory [SDT], this study aimed to explore the relationship between teacher’s autonomy-supportive and controlling style perceived by students, satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs, use of metacognitive skills solving math problems, and math performance. The sample consisted of 739 students from fifth grade (M age= 10.45, SD = 0.51) from a private school network in Lima, intentionally selected. This study also examined the psychometric properties of the instruments indicating optimum evidence of validity and reliability in the sample. The correlation analysis showed that perceived teachers’ autonomy support is positively associated with satisfaction of basic psychological needs and the use of metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive selfregulation. Additionally, perceived controlling teaching correlated positively with the frustration of basic psychological needs and negatively with the use of metacognitive knowledge and self-regulation. No correlations were found with math performance. Path analysis indicated that the perception of autonomy support predicts in a positive and indirect form the use of metacognitive knowledge and self-regulation, mediated by the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. On the other hand, the perception of controlling teaching indirectly predicts the use of metacognitive knowledge, mediated by the frustration of basic psychological needs. Results are discussed using the notion of a Bright and Dark Side of motivation towards mathematics.
Grounded on Self Determination Theory [SDT], this study aimed to explore the relationship between teacher’s autonomy-supportive and controlling style perceived by students, satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs, use of metacognitive skills solving math problems, and math performance. The sample consisted of 739 students from fifth grade (M age= 10.45, SD = 0.51) from a private school network in Lima, intentionally selected. This study also examined the psychometric properties of the instruments indicating optimum evidence of validity and reliability in the sample. The correlation analysis showed that perceived teachers’ autonomy support is positively associated with satisfaction of basic psychological needs and the use of metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive selfregulation. Additionally, perceived controlling teaching correlated positively with the frustration of basic psychological needs and negatively with the use of metacognitive knowledge and self-regulation. No correlations were found with math performance. Path analysis indicated that the perception of autonomy support predicts in a positive and indirect form the use of metacognitive knowledge and self-regulation, mediated by the satisfaction of basic psychological needs. On the other hand, the perception of controlling teaching indirectly predicts the use of metacognitive knowledge, mediated by the frustration of basic psychological needs. Results are discussed using the notion of a Bright and Dark Side of motivation towards mathematics.
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Motivación (Educación)--Aspectos psicológicos, Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza (Primaria), Personal docente--Aspectos psicológicos
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