Niveles y factores de riesgo de reincidencia sexual entre adolescentes infractores institucionalizados
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2019-01-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Actualmente la violencia sexual es la segunda infracción más cometida por los
adolescentes infractores en el Perú (Gerencia de Centros Juveniles, 2016). A pesar de
ello, no existe aún un programa de tratamiento específico para la agresión sexual en
adolescentes infractores. Asimismo, no existen herramientas adaptadas al contexto
nacional para evaluar los niveles de riesgo y los factores asosciados a dicho delito, en
favor a un trabajo de prevención y seguimiento de la evolución del adolescente infractor
dentro del centro.
La presente investigación da cuenta de los niveles de riesgo de reincidencia sexual entre
adolescentes institucionalizados de Lima, Pucallpa, Huancayo y Piura. Asimismo, busca
medir la presencia de los factores de riesgo de reincidencia y analizar la relación de
dichos factores y el nivel global de riesgo con otras variables que caracterizarían la
muestra en estudio. Se hizo uso de la versión traducida al español del Índice de riesgo
de reincidencia en delitos sexuales para ofensores adolescentes (ERASOR por sus siglas
en inglés) y de una ficha de datos sociodemográficos en 100 adolescentes varones, con
una edad media de 17 años (SD=1.633) ingresados a un centro correccional por cometer
algún delito contra la libertad sexual. Los resultados mostraron que la amplia mayoría
de participantes poseía un Nivel de riesgo bajo. Por otro lado, entre los factores de
riesgo más presentes en la muestra se encontraron la Escalada reciente de rabia,
sentimientos negativos, Crimen sexual contra niños e Inexistencia de planes de
tratamiento. Asimismo, se encontraron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas
entre las variables sociodemográficas teóricamente relevantes. Finalmente, se discuten
estos resultados y las posibles futuras líneas de investigación sobre el tratamiento de la
agresión sexual juvenil en el Perú.
Today, crime against sexual liberty is the second most commited crime in adolescents in Perú, followed only by crime against patrimony (Gerencia de Centros Juveniles, 2016). Nevertheless, there isn’t a sexual agression specific program for adolescent infractors in Lima. Also it was impotantat for the study to search the risk factors and the risk level of sexual recidivism in order to do a preventive work and follow the evolution of the infractor in the treatment center. The present investigation describes the level of sexual crime recidivism in institutionalized adolescents. In the other hand it was of interest to calculate the presence of the sexual recidivism risk factors to analize the relationship between each factor and the risk levels with other variables that characterized the sample of study. In order to do this, it was necessary the use of the Estimate of risk of adolescent sexual offense recidivism (ERASOR) and a sociodemografic data report in 100 male participants with an average age of 17 years (SD=1.633) institucionalized for commiting a crime against sexual liberty, were analized. The results showed that the grand mayority of participants had a low Risk level. On the other hand, it was found that the risk factors with more presence in the study sample were Escalade of recent rage or negative feelings, Sexual crimes against children and Non existence o treatment strategies. Also there were found several statistically significant correlations between these factors, their categories and risks levels, and the theoretically revelant variables of the sample. To conclude, the possible future lines of investigation about treatment and prevention of the sexual agression in Peru were discussed.
Today, crime against sexual liberty is the second most commited crime in adolescents in Perú, followed only by crime against patrimony (Gerencia de Centros Juveniles, 2016). Nevertheless, there isn’t a sexual agression specific program for adolescent infractors in Lima. Also it was impotantat for the study to search the risk factors and the risk level of sexual recidivism in order to do a preventive work and follow the evolution of the infractor in the treatment center. The present investigation describes the level of sexual crime recidivism in institutionalized adolescents. In the other hand it was of interest to calculate the presence of the sexual recidivism risk factors to analize the relationship between each factor and the risk levels with other variables that characterized the sample of study. In order to do this, it was necessary the use of the Estimate of risk of adolescent sexual offense recidivism (ERASOR) and a sociodemografic data report in 100 male participants with an average age of 17 years (SD=1.633) institucionalized for commiting a crime against sexual liberty, were analized. The results showed that the grand mayority of participants had a low Risk level. On the other hand, it was found that the risk factors with more presence in the study sample were Escalade of recent rage or negative feelings, Sexual crimes against children and Non existence o treatment strategies. Also there were found several statistically significant correlations between these factors, their categories and risks levels, and the theoretically revelant variables of the sample. To conclude, the possible future lines of investigation about treatment and prevention of the sexual agression in Peru were discussed.
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Reincidentes juveniles--Perú, Violencia sexual, Riesgo en la adolescencia (Psicología)
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