Ser adolescente en Cusco : representaciones sociales de la adolescencia en adolescentes de una escuela pública de Cusco
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2019-09-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La visión que se tiene de la adolescencia no es del todo positiva, ya que parte de la
construcción de la misma se ha sustentado en puntos de vista negativos que no representan
la realidad. De esta manera, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue el de explorar las
representaciones sociales de la adolescencia que ostentan adolescentes de 4° de
secundaria de una escuela pública del Cusco. Para ello, se hizo uso de la metodología
cualitativa, basada en un diseño de análisis temático y aproximación fenomenológica con
un abordaje desde la psicología cultural. En relación a los principales hallazgos, se
encontró que la adolescencia se define a través de tres representaciones: positiva, negativa
y neutral o “de cambios”. Además, las y los participantes identificaron que la vivencia de
la adolescencia es producto de la interacción con el entorno, la cultura y la educación.
Igualmente, surgieron las representaciones sociales del “adolescente del buen camino” y
del “adolescente del mal camino”, en las que aparece la exploración como núcleo central
dentro de ambas representaciones sociales. Las y los participantes, al estar insertos en el
sistema educativo, refieren identificarse con el “adolescente del buen camino”, porque
están enfocados en sus estudios y su futuro. Finalmente, aparecen representaciones
sociales de la adolescencia asociadas la importancia del mundo adulto, la influencia de
los pares, el ser incomprendidos, ser impulsivos, entre otras.
There is a tendency to construct a negative representation of adolescence based upon ideas which doesn’t have support in evidence. To overcome that, the goal of the present study is explore the social representations of adolescence held by teenagers of 4th grade from a public school in Cusco-Perú. For this purpose, the qualitative study was developed with a content analysis and phenomenological approach within a cultural psychology framework. Main findings reveal that adolescence has been defined through 3 perspectives: positive, negative and neutral or "a stage of change" In addition, participants express that the experience of being an adolescent is the product of interaction with the environment, culture and education. Likewise, the social representation of "the good adolescent" and the "the bad adolescent" emerged, in which exploration emerges as the central core within both social representations. Participants prefer to identify themselves as "adolescents of the good path", because they are focused on their studies and their future. Finally, social representations of adolescence are linked with the importance of the adult world, the peer’s influence, being misunderstood, impulsivity, etc.
There is a tendency to construct a negative representation of adolescence based upon ideas which doesn’t have support in evidence. To overcome that, the goal of the present study is explore the social representations of adolescence held by teenagers of 4th grade from a public school in Cusco-Perú. For this purpose, the qualitative study was developed with a content analysis and phenomenological approach within a cultural psychology framework. Main findings reveal that adolescence has been defined through 3 perspectives: positive, negative and neutral or "a stage of change" In addition, participants express that the experience of being an adolescent is the product of interaction with the environment, culture and education. Likewise, the social representation of "the good adolescent" and the "the bad adolescent" emerged, in which exploration emerges as the central core within both social representations. Participants prefer to identify themselves as "adolescents of the good path", because they are focused on their studies and their future. Finally, social representations of adolescence are linked with the importance of the adult world, the peer’s influence, being misunderstood, impulsivity, etc.
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Representaciones sociales, Adolescentes--Perú--Cuzco, Educación pública--Perú--Cuzco
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