Más allá de lo material: el discurso oficial del Reino Unido sobre el Perú durante el periodo 2016 – 2020
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2022-08-06
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presencia del discurso en la política exterior de un Estado siempre es activa,
constituyendo un relevante instrumento ideacional para orientarla. Pero, la literatura
resulta escasa si hablamos del discurso en la política exterior del Reino Unido, mucho
más si nos referimos a su discurso destinado para países de América Latina como
Perú, evidenciando un vacío de conocimiento. Entonces, la presente investigación
representa un estudio de caso que busca describir el discurso británico hacia el Perú
durante el periodo 2016-2020. Argumento que dicho discurso enfatiza la idea de
oportunidad de crecimiento económico para el Perú; de excelencia y experiencia
técnica británica; de promoción de valores democráticos; y del Reino Unido como
referente académico. Para ello, utilizo como enfoque el Análisis Crítico del Discurso
(ACD). Además, debido a que el concepto de política exterior elegido resalta la acción
exterior (diferenciándose de las decisiones), el estudio considera las acciones del
Reino Unido hacia el Perú, permitiendo relacionar las ideas en su discurso con las
acciones que emprende en el país. En esa línea, el desarrollo del análisis del discurso
consta de tres pasos. Primero, la selección de documentos, provenientes de fuentes
oficiales escritas y audiovisuales emitidas por instituciones británicas escogidas y sus
principales funcionarios; segundo, el análisis descriptivo de dichos documentos; y
tercero, la relación entre el discurso y las acciones. Así, la investigación demuestra la
importancia del discurso y sus ideas en la política exterior, y la relevancia de analizar
el discurso para entender la acción británica en el Perú.
Discourse is always active in state’s foreign policy, becoming a relevant ideational instrument in order to lead foreign policy. Nevertheless, there are a lack of studies about UK foreign policy discourse. Situation is even worse if we talk about British discourse aimed at Latin American countries such as Peru, showing a knowledge gap. Therefore, this research is a case study that seeks to describe UK discourse towards Peru during 2016-2020. I argue that such British discourse stresses the idea of economic growth opportunity for Peru, of British technical excellence and expertise, of democratic values promotion, and of UK as an academic reference. In this sense, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is chosen as approach. In addition, the selected foreign policy concept emphasizes foreign action (as distinguished from decisions), so this thesis deems UK actions to Peru, which allows to correlate British discourse and its ideas with British actions developed in the country. UK discourse analysis consists of three steps: first, selection of documents, which come from official written and audiovisual sources issued by British institutions and their main servants; second, descriptive analysis of such documents; and third, relation between discourse and actions. Thus, research shows importance of discourse and its ideas in foreign policy, and the relevance of discourse analysis to understand UK actions in Peru.
Discourse is always active in state’s foreign policy, becoming a relevant ideational instrument in order to lead foreign policy. Nevertheless, there are a lack of studies about UK foreign policy discourse. Situation is even worse if we talk about British discourse aimed at Latin American countries such as Peru, showing a knowledge gap. Therefore, this research is a case study that seeks to describe UK discourse towards Peru during 2016-2020. I argue that such British discourse stresses the idea of economic growth opportunity for Peru, of British technical excellence and expertise, of democratic values promotion, and of UK as an academic reference. In this sense, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is chosen as approach. In addition, the selected foreign policy concept emphasizes foreign action (as distinguished from decisions), so this thesis deems UK actions to Peru, which allows to correlate British discourse and its ideas with British actions developed in the country. UK discourse analysis consists of three steps: first, selection of documents, which come from official written and audiovisual sources issued by British institutions and their main servants; second, descriptive analysis of such documents; and third, relation between discourse and actions. Thus, research shows importance of discourse and its ideas in foreign policy, and the relevance of discourse analysis to understand UK actions in Peru.
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Desarrollo económico--Perú, Análisis del discurso, Perú--Relaciones exteriores--Reino Unido, Reino Unido--Relaciones exteriores--Perú
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