Relaciones entre la ideología política, el apoyo a la democracia y el bienestar social en una muestra de ciudadanos limeños
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2019-06-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación se propone indagar acerca de la relación entre la ideología política, el
apoyo a la democracia y el bienestar social en una muestra de jóvenes limeños (N = 219). La
ideología política fue evaluada a través de las medidas de Autoritarismo de Ala Derecha (RWA)
y Orientación a la Dominancia Social (SDO). Para evaluar el apoyo a la democracia se utilizó el
planteamiento de Easton (1975), específicamente lo que él define como apoyo difuso: una
preferencia y acuerdo con que la democracia debiera ser el sistema de gobierno, así como una
coincidencia con sus principios. A través de un análisis de sendero (Path Analysis) se planteó un
primer modelo hipotético, el cual fue desestimado. El segundo modelo presentó adecuados
indicadores de ajuste y encuentra, en primer lugar, una covarianza directa entre el RWA y SDO, y
estas variables ideológicas ejercieron una influencia inversa sobre el apoyo a la democracia, el
cual finalmente, influyó positivamente en el bienestar social. Además, este segundo modelo
incorpora y muestra una influencia inversa del SDO sobre el bienestar social. Se encontraron
correlaciones directas significativas entre todas las dimensiones del bienestar social y el apoyo a
la democracia, así como correlaciones inversas con el SDO. El RWA solo correlacionó
inversamente con las dimensiones de aceptación y coherencia social.
The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between political ideology, support for democracy and social wellbeing in a sample of youth from Lima (N = 219). The political ideology was evaluated through the measures of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO). Easton’s approach (1975) was used to evaluate support for democracy, specifically what he defined as diffuse support; which refers to a preference and agreement that democracy should be the system of government, as well as a coincidence with its principles. Through a Path Analysis a hypothetical diagram model was proposed, which was rejected. The second model showed a proper degree of fit and found, firstly, a direct covariance between the RWA and SDO, and these ideological variables exerted an inverse influence on the support for democracy, which finally had a positive impact on social wellbeing. In addition to these relationships, the second model incorporates and shows an inverse influence of SDO on social wellbeing. Significant direct correlations were found between all dimensions of social wellbeing and support for democracy, as well as inverse correlations with SDO. The RWA show inverse correlations with the dimensions of acceptance and social coherence.
The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between political ideology, support for democracy and social wellbeing in a sample of youth from Lima (N = 219). The political ideology was evaluated through the measures of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO). Easton’s approach (1975) was used to evaluate support for democracy, specifically what he defined as diffuse support; which refers to a preference and agreement that democracy should be the system of government, as well as a coincidence with its principles. Through a Path Analysis a hypothetical diagram model was proposed, which was rejected. The second model showed a proper degree of fit and found, firstly, a direct covariance between the RWA and SDO, and these ideological variables exerted an inverse influence on the support for democracy, which finally had a positive impact on social wellbeing. In addition to these relationships, the second model incorporates and shows an inverse influence of SDO on social wellbeing. Significant direct correlations were found between all dimensions of social wellbeing and support for democracy, as well as inverse correlations with SDO. The RWA show inverse correlations with the dimensions of acceptance and social coherence.
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Ideología política--Actitudes, Bienestar social, Democracia, Psicología política, Jóvenes--Perú--Lima--Investigaciones
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