La hipótesis de Riemann como problema de análisis funcional
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2021-11-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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J. Alcántara-Bode demuestra en [3] que la Hipótesis de Riemann es verdad si y sólo si el operador integral en L2 (0,1), (Aρf)(o)=So1p(0/x) f(x) dx es inyectivo, dondeρ es la función parte fraccionaria. El operador Aρ es Hilbert-Schmidt, no nuclear y se conoce su determinante de Fredholm. En el presente trabajo de tesis, varias herramientas del análisis funcional son usadas para obtener información adicional no trivial de los operadores Aρ y Aρ (α), donde (Aρ(α)f)(o)= ş10 ρ(αθ/x) f(x)d(x). Usando el teorema de descomposición de Ringrose de Aρ y Aρ(α), brindamos información espectral de sus partes normales y Volterras, así como una estimativa de sus números singulares. Basados en el teorema de Müntz, se demuestran fórmulas que involucran a los operadores Aρ(α) y Aρ(β), aplicamos el lema de Douglas para establecer que h E Ran (Aρ(α)) y Ker (A˚ρ (α))= {0}, para todo 0 < α<1 y h (x)= x. Situado en el contexto de trazas singulares, demostramos que si Aρ pertenece a algún ideal geométricamente estable I de L2 (0,1), entonces τ(Aρ)= 0 para toda τtraza singular no trivial en I. Esto fue posible gracias a los resultados de N. Kalton, A. Albeverio, D. Guido, T. Isola y el hecho que los operadores 1/αAρ(α)- 1/βAρ(β)son Volterra. Finalmente, formulas inductivas son presentadas para calcular las trazas de las potencias de Aρ y Aρ(α), así como la construcción de una familia de isometrías parciales con propiedades muy particulares.
J. Alcántara-Bode shows in [3] that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if the integral operator on L2 (0,1), (Aρf)(o)=So1p(0/x) f(x) dx is injective, where ρis the fractional part function. The operator Aρ is non-nuclear Hilbert-Schmidt and its Fredholm determinant is known. In the present thesis work, several tools of functional analysis are used to obtain non-trivial additional information of the operators Aρ y Aρ(α), where (Aρ(α)f)(o)= ş10 ρ(αθ/x) f(x)d(x). Using the Ringrose decomposition of Aρ y Aρ(α), we give spectral information of their normal and Volterra parts, as well as an estimate of their singular numbers. Based on the Muntz’s theorem, we show formulas between the operators Aρ(α) and Aρ(β), we apply the Douglas lemma to show that h E Ran (Aρ(α)) and Ker (A˚ρ (α))= {0}, for all 0 < α<1. In the context of singular traces, we show that if Aρ belongs to a geometrically stable ideal I de L2 (0,1), then τ(Aρ)= 0 for every singular trace τ on I. This was possible thanks to the results of N. Kalton, A. Albeverio, D. Guido, T. Isola and the fact that the operators 1/αAρ(α)- 1/βAρ(β)are Volterra. Finally, inductive formulas are presented to calculate the traces of the powers of Aρand Aρ(α), we also construct a family of partial isometries with special properties.
J. Alcántara-Bode shows in [3] that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if the integral operator on L2 (0,1), (Aρf)(o)=So1p(0/x) f(x) dx is injective, where ρis the fractional part function. The operator Aρ is non-nuclear Hilbert-Schmidt and its Fredholm determinant is known. In the present thesis work, several tools of functional analysis are used to obtain non-trivial additional information of the operators Aρ y Aρ(α), where (Aρ(α)f)(o)= ş10 ρ(αθ/x) f(x)d(x). Using the Ringrose decomposition of Aρ y Aρ(α), we give spectral information of their normal and Volterra parts, as well as an estimate of their singular numbers. Based on the Muntz’s theorem, we show formulas between the operators Aρ(α) and Aρ(β), we apply the Douglas lemma to show that h E Ran (Aρ(α)) and Ker (A˚ρ (α))= {0}, for all 0 < α<1. In the context of singular traces, we show that if Aρ belongs to a geometrically stable ideal I de L2 (0,1), then τ(Aρ)= 0 for every singular trace τ on I. This was possible thanks to the results of N. Kalton, A. Albeverio, D. Guido, T. Isola and the fact that the operators 1/αAρ(α)- 1/βAρ(β)are Volterra. Finally, inductive formulas are presented to calculate the traces of the powers of Aρand Aρ(α), we also construct a family of partial isometries with special properties.
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Superficies de Riemann, Ecuaciones de Volterra
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