Marketing viral en el sector turístico
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2019-03-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Resumen
El marketing viral y el sector turístico han incrementado su importancia desde
comienzos del siglo XXI, tanto para el crecimiento económico de los países como de las
empresas. El incremento exponencial de las difusiones virales en los medios sociales, lo cual
involucra de manera directa la difusión de los destinos turísticos, ― a través de opiniones,
recomendaciones e informaciones ―, y las estimaciones de crecimiento del sector turístico a
nivel mundial por parte de la Organización Mundial del Turismo (2012) ― 3.3% anual entre
los años 2010 y 2030 ―, hacen relevante entender la relación del marketing viral con el
sector turístico. Por ello, nuestro propósito es proporcionar un marco integrador que organice
la investigación existente entre el marketing viral y el sector turístico, que permita
comprender cómo interactúan estos dos campos, con el fin de exponer los principales
determinantes y mecanismos del marketing viral que favorecen al crecimiento de un sector
turístico sostenible.
Para ello y siendo esta investigación una revisión de literatura, se planteó una
investigación del tipo cualitativa, aplicándose técnicas de revisión de documentos o
literatura; consultando, identificando y obteniendo las referencias útiles para el logro del
propósito de la investigación. Como producto de ello se muestra un análisis sobre las
aplicaciones existentes del marketing viral en el sector turístico, y su influencia en las
motivaciones e intenciones de comportamiento del turista. Asimismo, se muestra la revisión
de cuáles son los principales determinantes y mecanismos del marketing viral que pueden
propiciar el crecimiento del turismo. Por otro lado, se muestra un análisis de la posible
interacción del marketing viral en el proceso de decisión de compra de un destino turístico,
así como también la revisión de los principales medios de comunicación y plataformas del
marketing viral que influyen en el sector turístico. Seguidamente se selecciona una tipología
que clasifica a los turistas, de tal manera que discrimina los efectos del marketing viral en el individuo. Finalmente, se muestra el análisis del impacto de las difusiones virales en la
imagen del destino turístico.
Viral marketing and tourism sector have encouraged their importance since XXI century both economic growth in the countries and companies. The exponential increase in the social media which directly involves the dissemination of tourist destinations, ― through opinions, recommendations and information ―, and growth estimations for tourism sector on a global basis by World Tourism Organization (2012) ― annual rate of 3.3% between 2010 and 2030 ―, make important to understand the relationship of viral marketing with tourism sector. For this reason, our purpose is to provide an integrating framework which organizes the actual research between viral marketing and tourism sector, and allows to understand how to interact these two areas in order to show the main determinants and mechanisms for viral marketing which benefits the growth of sustainable tourism sector. To do so, and due to this research is a literature review, a qualitative research was raised applying revision techniques for documents or literature, consulting, identifying and obtaining the useful references to achieve the purpose of the research. As a result of above mentioned, an analysis is showed about the existing applications of viral marketing in the tourism sector and its influence on tourist‟s motivations and behavioral intentions. Likewise, it shows the revision of which are the main determinants and mechanisms of viral marketing which can propitiate the tourism growth. On the other hand, it shows an analysis of the possible interaction of viral marketing in the purchase decision process of a tourist destination as well as the revision of main viral marketing media and platforms which influence on tourism sector. Subsequently, a typology is selected which classifies the tourists so that distinguish the effects of viral marketing on the individual. Finally, it shows the analysis of viral disseminations in the image of tourist destination.
Viral marketing and tourism sector have encouraged their importance since XXI century both economic growth in the countries and companies. The exponential increase in the social media which directly involves the dissemination of tourist destinations, ― through opinions, recommendations and information ―, and growth estimations for tourism sector on a global basis by World Tourism Organization (2012) ― annual rate of 3.3% between 2010 and 2030 ―, make important to understand the relationship of viral marketing with tourism sector. For this reason, our purpose is to provide an integrating framework which organizes the actual research between viral marketing and tourism sector, and allows to understand how to interact these two areas in order to show the main determinants and mechanisms for viral marketing which benefits the growth of sustainable tourism sector. To do so, and due to this research is a literature review, a qualitative research was raised applying revision techniques for documents or literature, consulting, identifying and obtaining the useful references to achieve the purpose of the research. As a result of above mentioned, an analysis is showed about the existing applications of viral marketing in the tourism sector and its influence on tourist‟s motivations and behavioral intentions. Likewise, it shows the revision of which are the main determinants and mechanisms of viral marketing which can propitiate the tourism growth. On the other hand, it shows an analysis of the possible interaction of viral marketing in the purchase decision process of a tourist destination as well as the revision of main viral marketing media and platforms which influence on tourism sector. Subsequently, a typology is selected which classifies the tourists so that distinguish the effects of viral marketing on the individual. Finally, it shows the analysis of viral disseminations in the image of tourist destination.
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Mercadeo, Turismo
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